Ch 1pt 2 Flashcards

1
Q

The study of the structure of the body

A

Anatomy

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2
Q

The study of the function of the body

A

Physiology

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3
Q

Levels of structural organization

A

Chemical level, cellular level, tissue level, organ level, system level, organismal level

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4
Q

The 11 systems of the human body

A

Integumentary, skeletal, muscular, nervous, endocrine, cardiovascular, lymphatic/immune, respiratory, digestive, urinary, and reproductive

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5
Q

Integumentary system

A

Hair, skin, fingernails, swear/oil glands, and toenails. Text Marty; helps regulate body temperature; eliminate someway; helps make vitamin D; detect sensation, such as touch, pain, warmth, and cold; stores, fat, and provides insulation

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6
Q

Skeletal system

A

Bones, joints, and cartilages. Supports and protects body; provide service area for muscle attachment; aids from body movement; houses cells that produce blood cells; stores, minerals, and lipids 

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7
Q

Muscular system

A

Muscle tissue. Participates in body movement, such as walking; maintains posture; produces heat 

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8
Q

Nervous system

A

Brain, spinal cord, nerves, eyes and ears. Generates action potential is to regulate body activity; detect changes in body, internal and external environment, interprets changes, and respond by causing muscular contractions, or glandular secretions.

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9
Q

Endocrine system

A

Penal gland, hypothalamus, pituitary, gland, thymus, thyroid, gland, parathyroid, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, testes. Regulate body activities by releasing hormones 

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10
Q

Cardiovascular system

A

Blood, heart, blood vessels. Heart pumps, blood through a blood vessel; blood carries oxygen and nutrients to cells in carbon dioxide and waste away from cells and help regulate acid, base balance, temperature, and water content of body fluids; blood components help defend against disease and repair damaged blood vessels.

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11
Q

Lymphatic system

A

Lymphatic fluid. Lymph vessels; spleen, thymus, lymph nodes, and tonsils,(B and T cells). Returns proteins carries with it from gastrointestinal track to blood; contains maturation and proliferation of B cells, and T cells that protect against disease causing microbes.

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12
Q

Respiratory system

A

Lungs,pharynx, larynx , trachea, bronchial tubes. Inhaled air to blood and carbon dioxide from blood to exhaled here; help regulate acid base, balance to body fluids; air flowing out of lungs through the vocal cords to produce sounds

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13
Q

Digestive system

A

Mouth, fairness, esophagus, stomach, small and large intestines, Inez, celery glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas. Achieves, physical and chemical breakdown of food; absorbs nutrients; eliminate solid waste.

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14
Q

Urinary system

A

Kidneys, uterus, urinary bladder, urethra. Producers, stores, and eliminate urine; eliminate waste and regulate, volume and chemical composition of blood; help maintain the acid base balance of bodily fluids; maintains bodies, mineral balance; helps regulate production of red blood cells 

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15
Q

Reproductive system

A

Gonads( ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, clitoris, memory glands for females). (Epididymis, ducts deferens,; seminal glands, prostate, testes, and penis for males.)

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16
Q

Life processes in humans include

A

Metabolism, responsiveness, movement, growth, differentiation, and reproduction

17
Q

Homeostasis is _____

A

DYNAMIC (What could be normal for one person might not be normal for another)

18
Q

Abnormality of structure or function

A

Disorder

19
Q

More specific term for an illness, characterized by recognizable signs and symptoms

A

Disease

20
Q

Anatomical position

A

Person stands erect, facing the observer the upper extremities are placed at the sides, the palms of the hands are turned forward , and the feet are flat on the floor, thumbs are lateral to the pinky, which is medial

21
Q

Prone

A

Body lying facedown

22
Q

Supine

A

Body lying face up

23
Q

Lateral

A

Farther from the midline. Ex: the lungs are lateral to the heart

24
Q

Intermediate

A

Between two structures. EX: the transverse colon is intermediate to the ascending and descending colons

25
Q

Ipsilateral

A

On the same side of the body as another structure. Ex: The gallbladder and ascending colon are ipsilateral.

26
Q

Contralateral

A

On the opposite side of the body from another structure. Ex: the ascending and descending colons are contralateral.

27
Q

Oblique plane

A

Cross section on certain body part. EX: not a right angle