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A&P 223 > Lab #2 quiz > Flashcards

Lab #2 quiz Flashcards

1
Q

material between the cells

A

extracellular matrix or matrix

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2
Q

what is Connective tissue characterized by?

A

by having few cells and a large amount of material between cells called the extracellular matrix

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3
Q

depending on the type of tissue, what may the extracellular matrix be?

A

fluid, gelatinous, semisolid or solid

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4
Q

besides he large amount matrix in connective tissue what else do you find between the cells?

A

fibers

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5
Q

3 types of fibers found in connective tissue

A

1) collagen fibers
2) elastic fibers
3) reticular fibers

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6
Q

what are the characteristics of collagen fibers in connective tissue

A

very strong and have a fine, rope-like structure.

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7
Q

what type of strength do collagen fibers have?

A

great tensile (tension) strength and resist pulling forces.

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8
Q

what are the characteristics of elastic fibers in connective tissue?

A

they are able to stretch and return to their original shape

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9
Q

what type of areas of the body are elastic fibers found?

A

in areas that need to be able to stretch and rebound without breaking

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10
Q

what are the characteristics of reticular fibers?

A

very fine and arranged into branching networks within soft organs of the body

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11
Q

what are the variety of cells found in connective tissue? (6) (FMMMWP)

A

1) fibroblasts
2) mesechymal cells
3) macrophages
4) mast cells
5) white blood cells
6) plasma cells

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12
Q

what is the most common connective tissue cell what is it responsible for?

A

fibroblasts and is responsible for the production of fibers and the matrix

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13
Q

what are connective tissues divided into?

A

categories based upon its composition.

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14
Q

what is the first major distinction of connective tissue?

A

loose connective tissue vs. dense connective tissue

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15
Q

what is the differentiation of loose connective tissue vs. dense connective tissue based on?

A

the number of fibers present in the tissue, loose connective tissue have fewer fibers while dense connective tissue have many fibers tightly packed together.

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16
Q

what is a second distinction between connective tissues?

A

cartilage and bone, they are harder and denser than other connective tissues

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17
Q

a fluid connective tissue

A

blood

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18
Q

what is the matrix in blood?

A

a liquid (plasma) rather than being solid or semi-solid

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19
Q

what does adipose connective tissue consist of?

A

modified connective tissue cells specialized for storage of lipid molecules

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20
Q

what do most adipose connective tissue look like?

A

empty cells

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21
Q

why do most adipose connective tissue look like empty cells?

A

because chemical used to prepare the slides dissolve lipid materials.

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22
Q

body locations where adipose tissue can be found

A

1) hypodermis
2) surrounding the kidneys
3) surrounding the eyeballs
4) yellow bone marrow

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23
Q

what type of connective tissue is Areolar and what does it act as?

A

a loose, irregular connective tissue that acts as a general packing material in our bodies

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24
Q

why is Areolar connective tissue irregular tissue?

A

because the connective tissue fibers run in all directions, allowing it to withstand forces from many directions

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25
Q

what else should be noted in Areolar connective tissue?

A

fibroblasts scattered amongst the fibers

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26
Q

body locations where Areolar Connective tissue can be found

A

1) within the dermis
2) between muscles
3) around blood vessels and nerves

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27
Q

what is reticular connective tissue characterized by?

A

the presence of a three-dimensional, interlacing network of reticular fibers associated with reticular cells

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28
Q

are reticular cells typically visible?

A

no

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29
Q

why are reticular cells not typically not visible?

A

due to the abundance of other cells present

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30
Q

what forms for support of the reticular tissue?

A

interlocking fibers form a stroma framework

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31
Q

body locations where reticula connective tissue is found

A

1) liver
2) kidney
3) spleen
4) lymph nodes
5) red bone marrow

32
Q

what is dense regular connective tissue characterized by?

A

having densely packed collagen fibers that are all oriented in the same direction

33
Q

what will you find between the collagen fibers in dense regular connective tissue?

A

scattered fibroblasts

34
Q

body locations where dense regular connective tissue is found

A

1) tendons and aponeuroses

2) most ligaments

35
Q

what is dense irregular connective tissue characterized by?

A

having densely packed collagen fibers that are irregularly arranged with few fibroblasts between them

36
Q

what does the shape of dense irregular connective tissue allow?

A

to withstand pulling forces from many directions

37
Q

body locations where dense irregular connective tissue can be found

A

1) organ capsules
2) dermis
3) periosteum
4) perichondrium

38
Q

what does hyaline cartilage contain?

A

a dense network of fibers imbedded in a gel-like matrix

39
Q

what type of fibers does hyaline cartilage have?

A

collagen fibers but these fibers have the same refractive index as the matrix and will not be visible

40
Q

what are the cartilage cells in hyaline cartilage known as?

A

chondrocytes

41
Q

where are the chdonrocytes located?

A

in isolated spaces called lacunae

42
Q

in hyaline cartilage what is chondrocytes and lacunae characterizing?

A

chondrocytes is the cell and lacunae is the structure

43
Q

what will fibrocartilage have?

A

many bundles of collagen fibers visible in the matrix

44
Q

like in hyaline catilage what is the matrix produced by?

A

chondrocytes encapsulated in lacunae

45
Q

what do the collagen fibers give fibrocartilage?

A

great tensile strength

46
Q

what type of areas is fibrocartilage found?

A

where firm support and tensile strength are required

47
Q

body locations of fibrocartilage

A

1) cartilage pads in knee
2) intervertebral discs
3) public symphysis

48
Q

what is the hardest connective tissue?

A

bone

49
Q

what does microscopic examination of dense bone reveal?

A

that is consists of a collection of ostons or haversian systems

50
Q

what does the osteon have in dense bone?

A

a lot of matrix and very few spaces

51
Q

what is at the center of each osteon in dense bone?

A

the central canal (haversian canal)

52
Q

where does the central canal run in dense bone and what does it contain?

A

the length of the bone and contains capillaries

53
Q

what are the smaller spaces called in osteons of dense bone?

A

lacunae

54
Q

what does the lacunae of dense bone contain?

A

the cells of the bone

55
Q

what are the cells trapped in the lacunae of dense bone called?

A

osteocytes

56
Q

body locations where dense bone is found

A

comprises the bones of the skeleton

57
Q

what type of matrix does blood have?

A

a fluid one

58
Q

what do the formed elements of blood include?

A

1) erythrocytes (red blood cells)
2) leukocytes (white blood cells)
3) platelets

59
Q

body locations of blood

A

1) within blood vessels

2) within chambers of the heart

60
Q

what is the first part of the neuron in nervous tissue (consists of 3 parts)

A

cell body or perikaryon

61
Q

what does the perikaryon in nervous tissue contain?

A

all of the normal organelles including the nucleus

62
Q

what radiates out from the preikaryon in nervous tissue?

A

various cellular extensions referred to as the processes

63
Q

what are the two basic types of processes in nervous tissue?

A

1) axons

2) dendrites

64
Q

body location of nervous tissue

A

nervous system

65
Q

what are the two principal parts of the skin?

A

1) epidermis

2) dermis

66
Q

what is the epidermis comprised of?

A

it’s a thinner layer made up of stratified sqaumous epithelium

67
Q

what is the dermis?

A

a thicker inner layer of the skin comprised of connective tissue

68
Q

what is the subcutaneous layer beneath the dermis?

A

hypodermis

69
Q

what does the hypodermis consist of?

A

areolar and adipose connective tissue

70
Q

in addition to the structural layers of the skin what does it contain?

A

numerous accersory structures

71
Q

what do the numerous accessory structures of the skin include? (3)

A

1) nails
2) sweat glands
3) sebaceous (oil) glands

72
Q

what else does the skin contain?

A

receptors

73
Q

what do the receptors of the skin sense? (4)

A

1) hot
2) cold
3) light touch
4) pressure

74
Q

order of layers of the epidermis from top to bottom

A

1) stratum corneum
2) stratum lucidum
3) stratum granulosum
4) stratum spinosum
5) stratum basale

75
Q

what is the layer of the dermis part of the skin called?

A

dermal papillae

76
Q

what body locations is hyaline cartilage located? (4)

A

1) at the ends of bone
2) larynx
3) trachea
4) fetal skeleton

A&P 223 (50 decks)

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