Lab #2 quiz Flashcards
material between the cells
extracellular matrix or matrix
what is Connective tissue characterized by?
by having few cells and a large amount of material between cells called the extracellular matrix
depending on the type of tissue, what may the extracellular matrix be?
fluid, gelatinous, semisolid or solid
besides he large amount matrix in connective tissue what else do you find between the cells?
fibers
3 types of fibers found in connective tissue
1) collagen fibers
2) elastic fibers
3) reticular fibers
what are the characteristics of collagen fibers in connective tissue
very strong and have a fine, rope-like structure.
what type of strength do collagen fibers have?
great tensile (tension) strength and resist pulling forces.
what are the characteristics of elastic fibers in connective tissue?
they are able to stretch and return to their original shape
what type of areas of the body are elastic fibers found?
in areas that need to be able to stretch and rebound without breaking
what are the characteristics of reticular fibers?
very fine and arranged into branching networks within soft organs of the body
what are the variety of cells found in connective tissue? (6) (FMMMWP)
1) fibroblasts
2) mesechymal cells
3) macrophages
4) mast cells
5) white blood cells
6) plasma cells
what is the most common connective tissue cell what is it responsible for?
fibroblasts and is responsible for the production of fibers and the matrix
what are connective tissues divided into?
categories based upon its composition.
what is the first major distinction of connective tissue?
loose connective tissue vs. dense connective tissue
what is the differentiation of loose connective tissue vs. dense connective tissue based on?
the number of fibers present in the tissue, loose connective tissue have fewer fibers while dense connective tissue have many fibers tightly packed together.
what is a second distinction between connective tissues?
cartilage and bone, they are harder and denser than other connective tissues
a fluid connective tissue
blood
what is the matrix in blood?
a liquid (plasma) rather than being solid or semi-solid
what does adipose connective tissue consist of?
modified connective tissue cells specialized for storage of lipid molecules
what do most adipose connective tissue look like?
empty cells
why do most adipose connective tissue look like empty cells?
because chemical used to prepare the slides dissolve lipid materials.
body locations where adipose tissue can be found
1) hypodermis
2) surrounding the kidneys
3) surrounding the eyeballs
4) yellow bone marrow
what type of connective tissue is Areolar and what does it act as?
a loose, irregular connective tissue that acts as a general packing material in our bodies
why is Areolar connective tissue irregular tissue?
because the connective tissue fibers run in all directions, allowing it to withstand forces from many directions
what else should be noted in Areolar connective tissue?
fibroblasts scattered amongst the fibers
body locations where Areolar Connective tissue can be found
1) within the dermis
2) between muscles
3) around blood vessels and nerves
what is reticular connective tissue characterized by?
the presence of a three-dimensional, interlacing network of reticular fibers associated with reticular cells
are reticular cells typically visible?
no
why are reticular cells not typically not visible?
due to the abundance of other cells present
what forms for support of the reticular tissue?
interlocking fibers form a stroma framework
body locations where reticula connective tissue is found
1) liver
2) kidney
3) spleen
4) lymph nodes
5) red bone marrow
what is dense regular connective tissue characterized by?
having densely packed collagen fibers that are all oriented in the same direction
what will you find between the collagen fibers in dense regular connective tissue?
scattered fibroblasts
body locations where dense regular connective tissue is found
1) tendons and aponeuroses
2) most ligaments
what is dense irregular connective tissue characterized by?
having densely packed collagen fibers that are irregularly arranged with few fibroblasts between them
what does the shape of dense irregular connective tissue allow?
to withstand pulling forces from many directions
body locations where dense irregular connective tissue can be found
1) organ capsules
2) dermis
3) periosteum
4) perichondrium
what does hyaline cartilage contain?
a dense network of fibers imbedded in a gel-like matrix
what type of fibers does hyaline cartilage have?
collagen fibers but these fibers have the same refractive index as the matrix and will not be visible
what are the cartilage cells in hyaline cartilage known as?
chondrocytes
where are the chdonrocytes located?
in isolated spaces called lacunae
in hyaline cartilage what is chondrocytes and lacunae characterizing?
chondrocytes is the cell and lacunae is the structure
what will fibrocartilage have?
many bundles of collagen fibers visible in the matrix
like in hyaline catilage what is the matrix produced by?
chondrocytes encapsulated in lacunae
what do the collagen fibers give fibrocartilage?
great tensile strength
what type of areas is fibrocartilage found?
where firm support and tensile strength are required
body locations of fibrocartilage
1) cartilage pads in knee
2) intervertebral discs
3) public symphysis
what is the hardest connective tissue?
bone
what does microscopic examination of dense bone reveal?
that is consists of a collection of ostons or haversian systems
what does the osteon have in dense bone?
a lot of matrix and very few spaces
what is at the center of each osteon in dense bone?
the central canal (haversian canal)
where does the central canal run in dense bone and what does it contain?
the length of the bone and contains capillaries
what are the smaller spaces called in osteons of dense bone?
lacunae
what does the lacunae of dense bone contain?
the cells of the bone
what are the cells trapped in the lacunae of dense bone called?
osteocytes
body locations where dense bone is found
comprises the bones of the skeleton
what type of matrix does blood have?
a fluid one
what do the formed elements of blood include?
1) erythrocytes (red blood cells)
2) leukocytes (white blood cells)
3) platelets
body locations of blood
1) within blood vessels
2) within chambers of the heart
what is the first part of the neuron in nervous tissue (consists of 3 parts)
cell body or perikaryon
what does the perikaryon in nervous tissue contain?
all of the normal organelles including the nucleus
what radiates out from the preikaryon in nervous tissue?
various cellular extensions referred to as the processes
what are the two basic types of processes in nervous tissue?
1) axons
2) dendrites
body location of nervous tissue
nervous system
what are the two principal parts of the skin?
1) epidermis
2) dermis
what is the epidermis comprised of?
it’s a thinner layer made up of stratified sqaumous epithelium
what is the dermis?
a thicker inner layer of the skin comprised of connective tissue
what is the subcutaneous layer beneath the dermis?
hypodermis
what does the hypodermis consist of?
areolar and adipose connective tissue
in addition to the structural layers of the skin what does it contain?
numerous accersory structures
what do the numerous accessory structures of the skin include? (3)
1) nails
2) sweat glands
3) sebaceous (oil) glands
what else does the skin contain?
receptors
what do the receptors of the skin sense? (4)
1) hot
2) cold
3) light touch
4) pressure
order of layers of the epidermis from top to bottom
1) stratum corneum
2) stratum lucidum
3) stratum granulosum
4) stratum spinosum
5) stratum basale
what is the layer of the dermis part of the skin called?
dermal papillae
what body locations is hyaline cartilage located? (4)
1) at the ends of bone
2) larynx
3) trachea
4) fetal skeleton
