Exam #2 Chapter 7 Flashcards
what does an angle represent on a bone?
a bend
what are the characteristics of the 3 arches of the foot? (3) (DEK)
1) distribute weight
2) elastic
3) keep weight off the medial plantar surface
which ribs are considered false ribs?
8-12
why are ribs 8-12 considered false ribs?
they are not attached directly to the sternum
what type of opening is a foramen?
hole
how is the human skeleton divided?
into 2 part, axial and appendicular
how many bones form the nasal cavity?
8
what does the appendicular skeleton consist of?
the limbs with their girdles that attach them to the axial skeleton
what type of ridge is a crest or crista?
prominent ridge
what type of depression is a fovea?
little pit
what part of the nasal cavity is the ethmoid bone?
the roof, septum, lateral wall
what does the margin or border represent of a bone?
the edge
what parts of the orbit make up the medial wall?
lacrimal, ehmoid and palatine
what 7 bones make up the orbit?
1) frontal
2) ethmoid
3) lacrimal
4) maxillary
5) sphenoid
6) palatine
7) zygomatic
what type of depression is a notch?
depression in the margin of a bone
what does the head represent of a bone?
enlarged, often rounded end
what are ribs 8-10 called?
vertebrochondral
what type of ridge is a line or linea?
low ridge
what is another name for true ribs?
vertebrosternal
what type of projection is a tubercle?
small, rounded bump
how many skull bones have air pockets (sinuses)?
4
what type of depression is a fossa?
general term for depression
what does a facet represent on a bone?
small, flattened articular surface
what function do the sinuses have for the skull bone?
1) lighten the bones
2) affect speech
3) produce mucous for the nasal cavity
how many bones does the posterior portion of the foot consist of?
7 tarsal bones
how many bones does the axial skeleton contain?
80
where does the medial longitudinal arch run on the foot?
anterior-posterior
what 8 bones form the nasal cavity?
1) nasal
2) frontal
3) ethmoid
4) sphenoid
5) palatine
6) maxilla
7) vomer
8) inferior nasal concha
how many bones is the human skeleton composed of?
about 206
what type of opening is a sinus or labyrinth?
a cavity
what does the neck represent of a bone?
constriction between head and body
how are true ribs connected?
they connect to the sternum by separate costal cartilages
what part of the orbit does the maxilla make up
the floor
which ribs are true ribs?
1-7
how many bones doe the appendicular skeleton contain?
126
what are surface markings on bones?
structures adapted for specific functions
what is the female pelvis adapted for?
childbearing
what part ofthe orbit is the zygomatic bone?
lateral wall
what part of the orbit is the frontal bone?
the roof
what are depressions and openings for?
soft tissue passage or to form joints
what four skull bones have sinuses?
1) frontal
2) ethmoid
3) maxillae
4) sphenoid
how are the 3 arches of the human foot maintained?
by bone shape, ligaments and tendons
what do the 7 tarsal bones include?
1) calcaneus
2) talus
3) cuboid
4) navicular
5) medial cuneiform
6) intermediate cuneiform
7) lateral cuneiform
what type of projection is a hamulus?
a hook-shaped process
what part of the nasal cavity is the vomer?
the septum
how many bones is the orbit formed by?
7
what type of opening is a fissure?
a cleft
what are the vertebrochondral ribs?
ribs 8-10, rib cartilages that fuse with the coastal cartilage of 7.
what does the appendicular skeleton form?
our appendages
what does a ramus represent on a bone?
branch off the body beyond the angle
what type of opening is a canal or meatus?
tunnel
what type of ridge is a spine?
very high ridge
what part of the orbit is the sphenoid bone?
roof and posterolateral wall
what type of projection is a epicondyle?
upon a condyle
what does the body represent of the bone?
the main part
what are the 4 bones in the proximal row of the carpus?
1) schapoid
2) lunate
3) triquetrum
4) pisiform
what type of projection is a lingula?
flat, tongue-shaped process
what are the 4 bones of the distal row of the carpus?
1) hamate
2) capitate
3) trapezoid
4) trapezium
what type of depression is a groove or ulcus?
deep, narrow depression
what part of the orbit is the maxilla?
floor
how is the female pelvis differently shaped thanthe male? (4) (WPSS)
1) it’s wider and circular
2) the pelvic outlet is wider with less prominent ischial spins
3) the scarum is less curved anteriorly
4) the subpubic angle is more than 90 degree and in the male’s is less than 90 degrees
what are processes for?
attachment of tendons or ligaments or to form joints
what does the axial skeleton form?
the body’s longitudinal axis
what type of projection is a tuberosity or tuber?
knob; larger than a tubercle
what does the human foot have?
3 arches
where do ribs (costae) extend from?
the verterbrae toward the sternum
what does the axial skeleton consist of?
the skull, verterbral column, auditory ossicles, hyoid bone and rib cage.
what does a condyle represent on a bone?
smooth, rounded articular surfacce
what type of projection is a trochanter?
tuberosity on the proximal femur
what other bones that make up the nasal cavity besides the ethmoid bone make up the lateral wall?
inferior nasal concha and lacrimal
why are ribs 11 and 12 considered floating ribs?
they do no connect to the sternum
what type of projections is a process?
a prominent projection
what type of projection is a cornu?
a horn-shaped process
where does the transverse arch of the foot run?
medial-lateral
what are ribs 11 and 12 called?
floating (vertebral) ribs
what does the male pelvis usually have more of than the female pelvis?
more prominent markings
what part of the nasal cavity does the palatine make up?
floor and lateral wall
what is the difference between the medial longitudinal arch and the lateral longitudinal arch?
the medial arch is higher
is the male or female pelvis generally larger and heavier?
the male
what do the flexible coastal cartilages permit?
the rib cage to expand during respiration.
how many bones does the carpus (wrist) contain?
8 bones in two rows
what part of the nasal cavity make up the roof?
frontal, nasal and sphenoid
