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A&P 223 > Exam #2 Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Exam #2 Chapter 7 Flashcards

1
Q

what does an angle represent on a bone?

A

a bend

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2
Q

what are the characteristics of the 3 arches of the foot? (3) (DEK)

A

1) distribute weight
2) elastic
3) keep weight off the medial plantar surface

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3
Q

which ribs are considered false ribs?

A

8-12

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4
Q

why are ribs 8-12 considered false ribs?

A

they are not attached directly to the sternum

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5
Q

what type of opening is a foramen?

A

hole

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6
Q

how is the human skeleton divided?

A

into 2 part, axial and appendicular

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7
Q

how many bones form the nasal cavity?

A

8

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8
Q

what does the appendicular skeleton consist of?

A

the limbs with their girdles that attach them to the axial skeleton

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9
Q

what type of ridge is a crest or crista?

A

prominent ridge

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10
Q

what type of depression is a fovea?

A

little pit

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11
Q

what part of the nasal cavity is the ethmoid bone?

A

the roof, septum, lateral wall

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12
Q

what does the margin or border represent of a bone?

A

the edge

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13
Q

what parts of the orbit make up the medial wall?

A

lacrimal, ehmoid and palatine

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14
Q

what 7 bones make up the orbit?

A

1) frontal
2) ethmoid
3) lacrimal
4) maxillary
5) sphenoid
6) palatine
7) zygomatic

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15
Q

what type of depression is a notch?

A

depression in the margin of a bone

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16
Q

what does the head represent of a bone?

A

enlarged, often rounded end

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17
Q

what are ribs 8-10 called?

A

vertebrochondral

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18
Q

what type of ridge is a line or linea?

A

low ridge

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19
Q

what is another name for true ribs?

A

vertebrosternal

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20
Q

what type of projection is a tubercle?

A

small, rounded bump

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21
Q

how many skull bones have air pockets (sinuses)?

A

4

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22
Q

what type of depression is a fossa?

A

general term for depression

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23
Q

what does a facet represent on a bone?

A

small, flattened articular surface

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24
Q

what function do the sinuses have for the skull bone?

A

1) lighten the bones
2) affect speech
3) produce mucous for the nasal cavity

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25
Q

how many bones does the posterior portion of the foot consist of?

A

7 tarsal bones

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26
Q

how many bones does the axial skeleton contain?

A

80

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27
Q

where does the medial longitudinal arch run on the foot?

A

anterior-posterior

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28
Q

what 8 bones form the nasal cavity?

A

1) nasal
2) frontal
3) ethmoid
4) sphenoid
5) palatine
6) maxilla
7) vomer
8) inferior nasal concha

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29
Q

how many bones is the human skeleton composed of?

A

about 206

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30
Q

what type of opening is a sinus or labyrinth?

A

a cavity

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31
Q

what does the neck represent of a bone?

A

constriction between head and body

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32
Q

how are true ribs connected?

A

they connect to the sternum by separate costal cartilages

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33
Q

what part of the orbit does the maxilla make up

A

the floor

34
Q

which ribs are true ribs?

A

1-7

35
Q

how many bones doe the appendicular skeleton contain?

A

126

36
Q

what are surface markings on bones?

A

structures adapted for specific functions

37
Q

what is the female pelvis adapted for?

A

childbearing

38
Q

what part ofthe orbit is the zygomatic bone?

A

lateral wall

39
Q

what part of the orbit is the frontal bone?

A

the roof

40
Q

what are depressions and openings for?

A

soft tissue passage or to form joints

41
Q

what four skull bones have sinuses?

A

1) frontal
2) ethmoid
3) maxillae
4) sphenoid

42
Q

how are the 3 arches of the human foot maintained?

A

by bone shape, ligaments and tendons

43
Q

what do the 7 tarsal bones include?

A

1) calcaneus
2) talus
3) cuboid
4) navicular
5) medial cuneiform
6) intermediate cuneiform
7) lateral cuneiform

44
Q

what type of projection is a hamulus?

A

a hook-shaped process

45
Q

what part of the nasal cavity is the vomer?

A

the septum

46
Q

how many bones is the orbit formed by?

A

7

47
Q

what type of opening is a fissure?

A

a cleft

48
Q

what are the vertebrochondral ribs?

A

ribs 8-10, rib cartilages that fuse with the coastal cartilage of 7.

49
Q

what does the appendicular skeleton form?

A

our appendages

50
Q

what does a ramus represent on a bone?

A

branch off the body beyond the angle

51
Q

what type of opening is a canal or meatus?

A

tunnel

52
Q

what type of ridge is a spine?

A

very high ridge

53
Q

what part of the orbit is the sphenoid bone?

A

roof and posterolateral wall

54
Q

what type of projection is a epicondyle?

A

upon a condyle

55
Q

what does the body represent of the bone?

A

the main part

56
Q

what are the 4 bones in the proximal row of the carpus?

A

1) schapoid
2) lunate
3) triquetrum
4) pisiform

57
Q

what type of projection is a lingula?

A

flat, tongue-shaped process

58
Q

what are the 4 bones of the distal row of the carpus?

A

1) hamate
2) capitate
3) trapezoid
4) trapezium

59
Q

what type of depression is a groove or ulcus?

A

deep, narrow depression

60
Q

what part of the orbit is the maxilla?

A

floor

61
Q

how is the female pelvis differently shaped thanthe male? (4) (WPSS)

A

1) it’s wider and circular
2) the pelvic outlet is wider with less prominent ischial spins
3) the scarum is less curved anteriorly
4) the subpubic angle is more than 90 degree and in the male’s is less than 90 degrees

62
Q

what are processes for?

A

attachment of tendons or ligaments or to form joints

63
Q

what does the axial skeleton form?

A

the body’s longitudinal axis

64
Q

what type of projection is a tuberosity or tuber?

A

knob; larger than a tubercle

65
Q

what does the human foot have?

A

3 arches

66
Q

where do ribs (costae) extend from?

A

the verterbrae toward the sternum

67
Q

what does the axial skeleton consist of?

A

the skull, verterbral column, auditory ossicles, hyoid bone and rib cage.

68
Q

what does a condyle represent on a bone?

A

smooth, rounded articular surfacce

69
Q

what type of projection is a trochanter?

A

tuberosity on the proximal femur

70
Q

what other bones that make up the nasal cavity besides the ethmoid bone make up the lateral wall?

A

inferior nasal concha and lacrimal

71
Q

why are ribs 11 and 12 considered floating ribs?

A

they do no connect to the sternum

72
Q

what type of projections is a process?

A

a prominent projection

73
Q

what type of projection is a cornu?

A

a horn-shaped process

74
Q

where does the transverse arch of the foot run?

A

medial-lateral

75
Q

what are ribs 11 and 12 called?

A

floating (vertebral) ribs

76
Q

what does the male pelvis usually have more of than the female pelvis?

A

more prominent markings

77
Q

what part of the nasal cavity does the palatine make up?

A

floor and lateral wall

78
Q

what is the difference between the medial longitudinal arch and the lateral longitudinal arch?

A

the medial arch is higher

79
Q

is the male or female pelvis generally larger and heavier?

A

the male

80
Q

what do the flexible coastal cartilages permit?

A

the rib cage to expand during respiration.

81
Q

how many bones does the carpus (wrist) contain?

A

8 bones in two rows

82
Q

what part of the nasal cavity make up the roof?

A

frontal, nasal and sphenoid

A&P 223 (50 decks)

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