Exam #1 Chapter 1 part 3 (body orientation) Flashcards
refers to a person standing erect with the face directed forward, the upper limbs hanging to the sides, and the palm of the hands facing forward
anatomical position
lying face upward
supine
lying face downward
prone
a structure above another
superior
a structure below another
inferior
closer to the head than another structure (synonymous with superior)
cephalic
closer to the tail than another structure (usually synonymous with inferior)
caudal
the front of the body
aneterior
the back of the body
posterior
toward the belly (usually synonymous with anterior)
ventral
toward the back (usually synonymous with posterior)
dorsal
closer to the point of attachment to the body than another structure
proximal
farther from the point of attachment to the body than another structure
distal
what does proximal and distal only refer to?
linear structure such as the limbs and appendages
away from the midline of the body
lateral
toward the midline of the body
medial
toward or on the surface
superficial
away from the surface, internal
deep
what does the central region consist of? (3)
1) head
2) neck
3) trunk
what does the trunk consist of?
1) thorax
2) abdomen
3) pelvis
body parts in the head region (7)
1) frontal
2) orbital
3) nasal
4) oral
5) otic
6) buccal
7) mental
forehead
frontal
eye
orbital
nose
nasal
mouth
oral
ear
otic
cheek
buccal
chin
mental
body parts in the neck region
1) cervical
2) clavicular
neck
cervical
collarbone
clavicular
body parts in the thoracic region of the trunk (3)
1) pectoral
2) sternal
3) mammary
chest
pectoral
breastbone
sternal
breast
mammary
body parts in the rest of the trunk (5)
1) abdominal
2) umbilical
3) pelvic
4) inguinal
5) pubic
abdomen
abdominal
navel
umbilical
pelvis
pelvic
groin
inguinal
genital
pubic
body parts in upper limb (5)
1) axillary
2) brachial
3) antebrachial
4) manual (palmar, digital)
5) antecubital
armpit
axillary
arm
brachial
forearm
antebrachial
front of elbow
antecubital
wrist
carpal
palm
palmar
fingers
digital
hand
manual
body parts of the lower limb (5)
1) coxal
2) femoral
3) patellar
4) crurual
5) pedal (talus, dorsum, digital)
hip
coxal
thigh
femoral
kneecap
petellar
leg
crural
ankle
talus
top of foot
dorsum
toes
digital
foot
pedal
parts of the back of the head
1) occipital
2) nuchal
3) cranial
base of skull
occipital
back of neck
nuchal
skull
cranial
parts of the back of the trunk (4)
1) dorsal (scapular, veterbral, lumbar)
2) sacral
3) gluteal
4) perineal
back
dorsal
shoulder blade
scapular
spinal comumn
verterbral
loin
lumbar
between hips
sacral
buttock
gluteal
perineum
perineal
parts of the back of the upper limbs (3)
1) acromial
2) olecranon
3) dorsum
point of shoulder (back)
acromial
point of elbow (back)
olecranon
back of hand
dorsum
parts of the back of the lower limb (4)
1) popliteal
2) sural
3) plantar
4) calcaneal
hollow behind knee
popliteal
calf (back)
sural
sole (back)
plantar
heel (back)
calcaneal
9 regions that atanomists divide body into
1) right hypochondriac
2) epigastric
3) left hypochondriac
4) right lumbar
5) umbilical
6) left lumbar
7) right iliac
8) hypogastric
9) left iliac