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Y3R7 - (Community) 🧑‍🧑‍🧒‍🧒 > L23: Cancer > Flashcards

L23: Cancer Flashcards

1
Q

Def of Cancer

A
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2
Q

Indicators of population impact of Cancer

A
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3
Q

Worldwide, cancer is a leading cause of death.

A

…

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4
Q

More than 70% of all cancer deaths occurred in ……

A

low & middle income countries

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5
Q

In developed countries, it is the …. leading cause of death next to CVD

A

2nd

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6
Q

In developing world, it is the …. cause of death.

A

4th

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7
Q

There is steady Increase in incidence and mortality of cancer that could be explained by:

A

❶ Advanced techniques for case-finding & detection

❷ Marked demographic aging

❸ Changes in life style & environment

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8
Q

The most frequent types of cancer In Males worldwide are

A

lung, stomach, liver, colorectal, oesophagus, prostate

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9
Q

The most frequent types of cancer In Females worldwide are

A

breast, lung, stomach, colorectal and cervical

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10
Q

Etiology of Cancer

A

The definite etiology of cancers in man are unknown

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11
Q

RF of Cancer

A
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12
Q

Genetic Factors Predispsoing to Cancer

A
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13
Q

Genetic Factors Predispsoing to Cancer

  • Familial Tendency
A

there are familial tendencies for certain cancer as cancer breast, colon, prostate & lung

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14
Q

Genetic Factors Predispsoing to Cancer

  • Chromosomal Deletion
A
  • deletion of chromosome 13 in retinoblastoma
  • deletion of chromosome 11 in Wilms’ tumor.
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15
Q

Environmental Factors Predispsoing to Cancer

A
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16
Q

Environmental Factors Predispsoing to Cancer

  • Physical Factors
A
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17
Q

Environmental Factors Predispsoing to Cancer

  • Physical Factors (Radiation)
A
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18
Q

Environmental Factors Predispsoing to Cancer

  • Physical Factors (Mechsnical Factors)
A

include
❶ Chronic friction.
❷ Trauma, irritation .
❸ Inflammation as peptic ulcer & chronic cervicitis

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19
Q

Environmental Factors Predispsoing to Cancer

  • Chemical Factors
A
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20
Q

Environmental Factors Predispsoing to Cancer

  • Physical Factors (Tobacco)
A

Increased risk of cancer lung, mouth, larynx, stomach, pancreas & urinary bladder

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21
Q

Environmental Factors Predispsoing to Cancer

  • Physical Factors (Air Pollution)
A
22
Q

Environmental Factors Predispsoing to Cancer

  • Physical Factors (Other Carcinogens)
A

Usually occupational as asphalt, tar, soot, dyes, etc.

23
Q

Environmental Factors Predispsoing to Cancer

  • Physical Factors (Hormones)
A
24
Q

Environmental Factors Predispsoing to Cancer

  • Physical Factors (Dietary Chemicals)
A
25
Q

Environmental Factors Predispsoing to Cancer

  • Biological Factors
A
26
Q

Environmental Factors Predispsoing to Cancer

  • Biological Factors (Viral Infections)
A
27
Q

Environmental Factors Predispsoing to Cancer

  • Biological Factors (HPV)
A

main cause of cervical cancer

28
Q

Environmental Factors Predispsoing to Cancer

  • Biological Factors (HBV & HCV)
A

inc risk of cancer liver

29
Q

Environmental Factors Predispsoing to Cancer

  • Biological Factors (HIV)
A

inc risk of cancer, as lymphoma & Kaposi’s sarcoma

30
Q

Environmental Factors Predispsoing to Cancer

  • Biological Factors (EBV)
A

inc risk of lymphoma

31
Q

Environmental Factors Predispsoing to Cancer

  • Biological Factors (HHV8)
A

inc risk of Kaposi’s sarcoma

32
Q

Environmental Factors Predispsoing to Cancer

  • Biological Factors (Parasitic Infections)
A
33
Q

Environmental Factors Predispsoing to Cancer

  • Biological Factors (S. Hematobium)
A

inc risk of cancer bladder

34
Q

Environmental Factors Predispsoing to Cancer

  • Biological Factors (Liver Fluke)
A

inc risk of hepatic angiosarcoma

35
Q

Environmental Factors Predispsoing to Cancer

  • Biological Factors (Bacterial Infections)
A
36
Q

Environmental Factors Predispsoing to Cancer

  • Biological Factors (H.Pylori)
A

may predispose to cancer stomach & lymphoma in the stomach lining

37
Q

Environmental Factors Predispsoing to Cancer

  • Biological Factors (Bacterial flora of intestine)
A
  • may change some chemicals in food into carcinogens which may predispose to cancer colon
38
Q

Prevention & control of Cancer

A
  • Primary
  • Secondary
  • Tertiary
39
Q

Prevention & control of Cancer

  • Primary Prevention
A
40
Q

Prevention & control of Cancer

  • Primary Prevention (Air Sanitation)
A
41
Q

Prevention & control of Cancer

  • Primary Prevention (Smoking Control)
A

Antismoking program

42
Q

Prevention & control of Cancer

  • Primary Prevention (Drug Control)
A
43
Q

Prevention & control of Cancer

  • Primary Prevention (Radiation)
A
44
Q

Prevention & control of Cancer

  • Primary Prevention (Chemical Carcinogens)
A
45
Q

Prevention & control of Cancer

  • Primary Prevention (Medical Care)
A

Health appraisal: for early diagnosis and treatment of
precancerous lesions as leucoplakia, adenoma, peptic ulcer

46
Q

Prevention & control of Cancer

  • Primary Prevention (Specifc Prevention)
A
47
Q

Prevention & control of Cancer

  • Primary Prevention (Health Education)
A
48
Q

Prevention & control of Cancer

  • Primary Prevention (Legislations)
A
49
Q

Danger Signals of Cancer

A

❶ Lump or mass or sore which not get better .
❷ Change in wart mole.
❸ Blood Loss from any nature orifice .
❹ Persistent cough, hoarseness of voice .
❺ Persistent change in digestive bowel habit.
❻ Unexplained loss of weight .

50
Q

Prevention & control of Cancer

  • Secondary Prevention
A
51
Q

Screening Test Can be Used for At-Risk Individuals or Groups as ……

A

❶ High-risk or at-risk occupational groups.
❷ Cases with precancerous lesions.
❸ Cases with positive family history of cancer .
❹ Specific age groups as women aged ≥50 years for cancer cervix .

52
Q

Prevention & control of Cancer

  • Tertiary Prevention
A

❶ Surgery
❷ Radiotherapy
❸ Chemotherapy
❹ Hormonal therapy
❺ Immune therapy
❻ Rehabilitation

Y3R7 - (Community) 🧑‍🧑‍🧒‍🧒 (30 decks)

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