L1: General Introduction to Community Medicine Flashcards by Ahmed Farag

Q

Def of Health according to WHO

A

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Q

Physical Health

A

All body systems properly functioning without any disease

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Q

Mental Health

A

A balance between individual & his environment with ability to:

Adjust within himself & others.
Cope with stress.

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Q

Social Health

A

Ability of person to:

Live & react in harmony.
Adjust within family & community.
Be an active member of a community

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Q

Spectrum of Health

A

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Q

Ideal Health

A

Conforms to WHO definition of health.

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Q

Positive Health & Negative (marginal) health

A

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Q

ln-apparent disease (pre-clinical)

A

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Q

Apparent disease

A

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Q

Death

A

End of health spectrum.

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Q

what are Determinants of health?

A

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Q

Determinants of health on individual level

A

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Q

Determinants of health on individual level (Related to Host)

A

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Q

Determinants of health on individual level (Related to Host)

Heredity, genetic factors

A

Errors of metabolism, MR & certain tumors.

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Q

Determinants of health on individual level (Related to Host)

SES

A

Education, occupation & income

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Q

Determinants of health on individual level (Related to Host)

Age

A

Infectious diseases among children.
Chronic diseases among elderly

Q

Determinants of health on individual level (Related to Host)

sex

A

CHD more among males.
while gall bladder stones more among females.

Q

Determinants of health on individual level (Related to Host)

Nutritional status

A

Under nutrition → deficiency diseases.
Over nutrition → obesity.
Malnutrition interacts with infection & may activate a dormant TB infection.

Q

Determinants of health on individual level (Related to Host)

Physiologic state

A

Vulnerable groups (pregnant, lactating mothers & growing children) are more susceptible to some health hazards.

Q

Determinants of health on individual level (Related to Host)

Immunity

A

Innate immunity as intact skin → protect against many infections.
Immunity after clinical or sub-clinical infection → prevent disease 2nd attack.

Q

Determinants of health on individual level (Related to Host)

Lifestyle

A

Beliefs, culture & habits e.g., smoking.

Q

Determinants of health on individual level (Related to Agent)

A

Q

Determinants of health on individual level (Related to Environment)

A

Q

Determinants of health on Family level

A

Determinants of health on community/national level

Iceberg Phenomenon of diseases & its blocks

from iceberg phenomena and pyramid of disease, we can see that:

Def of **Epidemeology**

Who is the father of modern epidemiology?

John snow

Essential Public Health Functions

Community medicine

Preventive Medicine

Community medicine & preventive medicine are all related & part of public health. All have more or less a similar definition & follow same lines.

..

Patterns of curative care

- Emergency - Episodic - Continuous - Terminal

Emergency Care

- The right for every individual in the country, anywhere, all the time. - Include both medical & surgical conditions.

Episodic Care

- For patients with acute conditions in which they seek medical care for episodes of disease (e.g., diarrhea, tonsillitis, fevers..etc.)

Contimous Care

- For patients with chronic diseases who need to be under continuous care (e.g. D.M, cancer, heart disease).

Terminal Care

- For patients in final stage of disease expected to die. - Requires expensive forms of hospital care.

Comparison between clinical medicine & community medicine