KEY ASSOCIATIONS I

Question 1

Mitochondrial inheritance

Answer 1

Disease occurs in both males and females, inherited through females only

Question 2

Intellectual disability

Answer 2

Down syndrome, fragile X syndrome

Question 3

Vitamin deficiency (USA)

Answer 3

Folate (pregnant women are at high risk; body stores only

3- to 4-month supply; prevents neural tube defects)

Question 4

Lysosomal storage disease

Answer 4

Gaucher disease

Question 5

Bacterial meningitis (adults and elderly)

Answer 5

S pneumoniae

Question 6

Bacterial meningitis (newborns and kids)

Answer 6

Group B streptococcus/E coli/Listeria monocytogenes

newborns), S pneumoniae/N meningitidis (kids/teens

Question 7

HLA-DR3

Answer 7

Diabetes mellitus type 1, SLE, Graves disease, Hashimoto
thyroiditis (also associated with HLA-DR5), Addison
disease

Question 8

HLA-DR4

Answer 8

Diabetes mellitus type 1, rheumatoid arthritis, Addison

disease

Question 9

Bacteria associated with gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, and gastric malignancies (eg, adenocarcinoma, MALToma)

Answer 9

H pylori

Question 10

Opportunistic infection in AIDS

Answer 10

Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia

Question 11

Helminth infection (US)

Answer 11

Enterobius vermicularis

Question 12

Viral encephalitis affecting temporal lobe

Answer 12

HSV-1

Question 13

Infection 2° to blood transfusion

Answer 13

Hepatitis C

Question 14

Food poisoning (exotoxin mediated)

Answer 14

S aureus, B cereus

Question 15

Osteomyelitis

Answer 15

S aureus (most common overall)

Question 16

Osteomyelitis in sickle cell disease

Answer 16

Salmonella

Question 17

Osteomyelitis with IV drug use

Answer 17

Pseudomonas, Candida, S aureus