KEY ASSOCIATION V Flashcards
Epidural hematoma
Rupture of middle meningeal artery (trauma; lentiform shaped)
Subdural hematoma
Rupture of bridging veins (crescent shaped)
Dementia
Alzheimer disease, multiple infarcts (vascular dementia)
Demyelinating disease in young women
Multiple sclerosis
Brain tumor (adults)
Supratentorial: metastasis, astrocytoma (including
glioblastoma multiforme), meningioma, schwannoma
Pituitary tumor
Prolactinoma, somatotropic adenoma
Brain tumor (kids)
Infratentorial: medulloblastoma (cerebellum) or supratentorial: craniopharyngioma
Mixed (UMN and LMN) motor neuron disease
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
Degeneration of dorsal column fibers
Tabes dorsalis (3° syphilis), subacute combined degeneration (dorsal columns, lateral corticospinal, spinocerebellar tracts affected)
Nephrotic syndrome (adults)
Membranous nephropathy
Nephrotic syndrome (kids)
Minimal change disease
Glomerulonephritis (adults)
Berger disease (IgA nephropathy)
Kidney stones
Calcium = radiopaque
Struvite (ammonium) = radiopaque (formed by urease
⊕ organisms such as Klebsiella, Proteus species, and
S saprophyticus)
Uric acid = radiolucent
Cystine = faintly radiopaque
Renal tumor
Renal cell carcinoma: associated with von Hippel-Lindau and cigarette smoking; paraneoplastic syndromes (EPO, renin, PTHrP, ACTH)
Obstruction of male urinary tract
BPH
1° amenorrhea
Turner syndrome (45,XO or 45,XO/46,XX mosaic)
Neuron migration failure
Kallmann syndrome (hypogonadotropic hypogonadism and anosmia)
Clear cell adenocarcinoma of the vagina
DES exposure in utero
Ovarian tumor (benign, bilateral)
Serous cystadenoma
Ovarian tumor (malignant)
Serous cystadenocarcinoma
Tumor in women
Leiomyoma (estrogen dependent, not precancerous)
Gynecologic malignancy
Endometrial carcinoma (most common in US); cervical carcinoma (most common worldwide)
Breast mass
Fibrocystic change, carcinoma (in postmenopausal women)
Breast tumor (benign, young woman)
Fibroadenoma
Breast cancer
Invasive ductal carcinoma
Testicular tumor
Seminoma (malignant, radiosensitive), placental ALP
Pulmonary hypertension
Idiopathic, heritable, left heart disease (eg, HF), lung
disease (eg, COPD), hypoxemic vasoconstriction (eg, OSA), thromboembolic (eg, PE)
Hypercoagulability, endothelial damage, blood stasis
Virchow triad ( risk of thrombosis)
SIADH
Small cell carcinoma of the lung
