Introduction to Fungi Flashcards
Uses of Fungi (7)
Antibiotics Medicinal drugs Organic acids Enzymes Foods Alcohol Agriculture
Oppurtunistic Systemic Mycoses
Candida albicans
Cryptococcus neoformans
Aspergillus fumigates
Superficial mycoses
Fungus
Chemo-organotrophic eukaryote
Features of fungus
lacks chlorophyll
Forms spores
Cell wall contains polysaccharides (chitins or glucans)
Membrane contains ergosterol
Sexual spore of Basidomycetes
Basiospore
Asexual Basidomycetes
Conidium
Examples of Basidomycetes
Mushrooms
Crytococcus
Malassezia
Sexual spore of Ascomycetes
Ascospore
Asexual spore of Ascomycetes
Conidium
Examples of Ascomycetes
Candida
Aspergillus
Neurospora
Sexual spore of Zygomycetes
Zygospore
Asexual spore of Zygomycetes
Sporangiospore
Examples of Zygomycetes
Mucor
Rhizopus
Bread moulds
Characteristic of yeast
Unicellular
Reproduce by budding
How does years reproduce
Budding
Dermatophytes
Release enzymes that degrade and utilise keratin as a nutrient source
Causative agents that are Dermatophytes
Epidermophyton, Microsporum, Trichophyton
Host factors that contribute to pathogenicity
Warm, moist environments
Antibacterial agents
Imunosupressed individuals
Candida infections
are yeasts but can form hyphae (pleomorphism)
Aspergillosis infection
Ubiquitous infection
Invades blood cells and sporulates
Causes fungal ball
Cryptococcus infections
AIDS patients
Pulmonary
Hyperimmune response-
candida vaginitis
Hypoimmune response
aspergilliosis
Diagnostic Methods
Skin scales - KOH Smear and stain with PAS Vaginal smear- calcofluor white Growth on selective media Heat to 37C in serum CT scans PCR Culture from sterile site
Treatment
Polyenes
Azoles
Echinocandins
Fluctocytosine
