Imaging in Inflammatory Disorders and Infection

Question 1

What is molecular imaging?

Answer 1

Detects cellular changes that occur early on the course of disease
Involves an imagine device and imaging agent

Question 2

In nuclear medicine the imaging agent is____

Answer 2

a radiotracer

Question 3

Types of molecular imaging

Answer 3

PET, MRI and optical imaging

Question 4

Gamma Camera

Answer 4

a gamma camera is a specialised camera that is capable of detecting a radiotracer
Creates 2D picture of the body from different angles

Question 5

SPECT

Answer 5

this scan uses a gamma camera which rotates around the patient to detect radiotracer in the body
With a computer is creates a 3D image

Question 6

SPECT can be combined with___ for greater accuracy

Answer 6

CT

Question 7

Radionuclide imaging uses

Answer 7

gamma rays, lead collimator and a gamma camera

Question 8

PACS

Answer 8

Picture Archiving and Communication System

Question 9

Gamma radiation occur

Answer 9

due to radioactive decay of unstable isotopes

Question 10

Gamma radiation is in between

Answer 10

Infrared and UV on the electromagnetic spectrum

Question 11

Properties of ideal isotope (6)

Answer 11

1. Half-life similar to length of examination
2. Gamma emitter rather than alpha or beta
3. Energy of gamma rays should be 5-300
4. Radionuclide should be readily available at hospital site
5. Easily bound to pharmaceutical component
6. Radiopharmaceutical should be simple to prepare
7. Radiopharmaceutical should be elminated in similar half-time to duration of examination

Question 12

Technetium 99m

Answer 12

Widely used radioactive tracer isotope

Can be conjugated with different compounds to increase uptake in different tissues

Question 13

Hydroxy-diphosphonate

Answer 13

Bone

Question 14

Dimercapto-succinic acid

Answer 14

Kidney

Question 15

hexamethyl-propine amine oxime

Answer 15

Brain

Question 16

Macroaggregated albumin

Answer 16

Lung

Question 17

how does a gamma camera work

Answer 17

Radiotracer emits gamma radiotracer
Large crystal of sodium iodide is used to detect gamma photons
This is converted to electrical signals
Analysed by computers to form an image

Question 18

Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT)

Answer 18

CT version of nuclear medicine

Gamma cameras rotate around area of interest

Question 19

Scintigraphy

Answer 19

a technique in which a scintillation counter or similar detector used with a radiotracer to obtain an image of a bodily organ

Question 20

HMPAO

Answer 20

used for labelling leukocytes to look at blood supply to the brain

Question 21

Positron Emission Tomography (PET)

Answer 21

Uses radionuclides that decay by positron emission Proton= neutron + positron

Question 22

radiotracer for PET

Answer 22

18 F-fluorodeoxy glucose

Question 23

How does 18 F flurodeoxy- glucose work

Answer 23

marker of uptake of glucose, which correlates with certain types of tissue metabolisms

Question 24

Physiological uptake of 18 F fluorodeoxy-glucose

Answer 24

Brain, heart, stomach, liver spleen, colon and urinary tract