Chemotherapy

Question 1

Classification of Cytotoxic Agents

Answer 1

Alkylating agents
Anti-metabolites
Mitotic Inhibitors
Antibiotics

Question 2

Mode of action of alkylating agents

Answer 2

Attach to free guanines at N6 on separated DNA strands and impairs replication

Question 3

Mechanism of resistance to alkylating agents

Answer 3

1. decresed entry or increased exit of agent
2. inactivation of agent
3. enhanced repair of DNA lesions caused by alkylation

Question 4

Mode of action of anti-metabolites

Answer 4

Similar structure to essential metabolites required prior to cell division and are incorporated into new nuclear material (vital enzymes)

Question 5

Vinca alkaloids

Answer 5

Metaphase arrest agents that block microtuble formation (prevent spindle formation)

Question 6

Taxanes

Answer 6

Promote spindles and freeze cells at that stage

Question 7

Mode of action of anti-mitotic antibiotics

Answer 7

Intercalate and inhibit DNA and RNA synthesis by increasing permeability and free radicals disrupting DNA chain

Question 8

Anthracyclines and Non-anthracyclins

Answer 8

Anti-mitotic antibiotics

Question 9

Principles underlying combination chemotherapy

Answer 9

Synergy
Reduce risk of resistance
Give each maximum tolerated dose

Question 10

Possible side effects of chemotherapy

Answer 10

Mucositis
Pulmonary fibrosis
Neuropathy
Cradiotoxicity

Question 11

Cause of CINV

Answer 11

Chemotherapy triggers release of serotonin from enterochromaffin cells
Serotonin interacts with 5-HT3
NK1 receptors interact with substance P