Imaging in Cancer Flashcards
Barium Meal
A diagnostic test used to detect abnormalities of the oesophagus, stomach and small bowel (Barrett’s oesophagus)
Barium Enema
an X ray exam that can detect changes or abnormalities in the large intestine (cancer)
Single Contrast is preferred when______
The patient is unable to turn quickly or effectively
Only the position and length is required
Evaluating a post-operative leak or opening in the colon
Double Contrast is used for ______
The detection of polyps and colorectal cancer
Colonoscopy failed
To visualise structure better
Double contrast consist of ________
Positive contrast (barium sulphate) and negative contrast (CO2)
What is a CT colonography
Virtual colonoscopy which uses beams and a set of electronic x-ray detectors that rotate and measures the amount of radiation being absorbed
What is a CT colonography used for
Large bowel imaging
How are compounds in CT measured
Assigned a Hounsfield unit
What is the Hounsfield unit for water
0
What is Gastrografin
Contrast agent used to exclude a leak (anastomosis)
Iodine is used in a CT as a contrast agent if _____
Tumour or metastases is detected
CT scans can also be used for_____
Staging
Cannot be used in organs with peristalsis such as oesophagus and stomach
MRI
Lung appears black because this imaging depends on H+/protons
MRI
How does an MRI work
Aligns protons in one direction
Displaces protons through radiofrequency
Measure time protons take to come back
What contrast is used in MRI
Gadolinum
What process does PET detect
Metabolic process
What organ is the PET scan not used in and why
Brain- very metabolic structure
What type of images does a PET scan produce
Detailed 3D images
What other scan is a PET commonly combined with
CE=T
How does a PET scan work
Detects radiation given off by tracer injected into patient
What is the radiotracer used in PET scans
Fluorodeoxyglucose
WHO principles of screening
IRUTTIFCR Importance Recognisable Understood Treatment Test Identify Facilities Cost Research
