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Principles of Disease > Classification of Pathogenic Bacteria > Flashcards

Classification of Pathogenic Bacteria Flashcards

1
Q

Aerobic Gram Positive Cocci

A

Staphylococci
Streptococci
Streptococcus

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2
Q

Positive coagulase test

A

Staph. aureus (MSSA/MRSA)

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3
Q

Staph. aureus is commensal in the _______

A

Nose, axilla, perineum

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4
Q

Negative coagulase test

A

Staph. epidermis (does not produce coagulase enzyme)

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5
Q

Test for streptococci

A

Haemolytic test

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6
Q

Alpha haemolytic

A

Partial haemolysis (streptococcous pneumoniae)

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7
Q

Beta haemolytic

A

Complete haemolysis (streptococcous pyogenes)

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8
Q

Non-haemolytic

A

No haemolysis/Gamma haemolysis (enterococcous faecalis)

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9
Q

Alpha haemolytic streptococci causes______

A

infective endocarditis

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10
Q

Beta haemolytic streptococci causes ________

A

Pharyngitis, cellulitis, necrotising faciitis

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11
Q

Beta haemolytic streptococci are further classified into ________ based on their __________

A

Lancefield Groups and surface antigens

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12
Q

Group A

A

Streptococcus pyogenes

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13
Q

Group B

A

Streptococcus agalactiae (genital tract)

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14
Q

Group D

A

Enterococcus (faecalis, faecium) causes UTIs

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15
Q

Gram Positive Bacilli (aerobic)

A

Bacillus anthracis

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16
Q

Gram Positive Bacilli (anaerobic)

A 
Clostridium:
difficile
perfringens
tetani
botulinum
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17
Q

Clostridium difficile

A

Cannot be cultures
Produce toxin A and B
Spore forming organism

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18
Q

Clostridium perfringens

A

Found in soil and human and animal faeces

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19
Q

Clostridium tetani

A

Produces neurotxin and toxoids can be used as vaccines

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20
Q

Gram negative bacilli (aerobic/facultative anaerobes)

A 
Pseudomonas
Haemophilus
Vibrio
E.coli
Klebsiella
Shigella
Salmonella
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21
Q

E.coli

A

Ferments lactose
Produces endotoxin and exotoxins
Pilli

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22
Q

E.coli methods of detection

A

MacConkey agar
PCR
Immunological

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23
Q

Salmonella ferments lactose (true or false)

A

False

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24
Q

Incubation time of Salmonella

A

12-48 hours

25
Q

2nd most common cause of food poisoning

A

Salmonella

26
Q

Methods of detection of salmonella

A

WGS
XLD agar
ELISA and PCR

27
Q

Haemophilus influenzae

A

cocco-bacilli (mixed appearance)

Respiratory tract infetion

28
Q

Major cause of meningitis

A

Haemophilus influenzae

29
Q

How many serotypes does Haemophilus influenzae have

30
Q

Method of detection for Haemophilus influenzae

A

Chocolate agar

31
Q

Method of detection of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

A

Blood agar

32
Q

Produces slimy biofilms and causes HA sepsis

A

Pseudomonas aeruginosa

33
Q

Other coliforms

A

Shigella spp.
Klebsiella spp.
Proteus spp.

34
Q

Causes Typhoid fever

A

Salmonella typhi

35
Q

Most common cause of food poisoning

A

Campylobacter jejuni

36
Q

Features of Campylobacter jejuni

A

Curved
Microaerophillic
Self-limiting
Found in domestic animals and chicken

37
Q

Causes gastric adenocarcinoma

A

Helicobacter pylori

38
Q

Gram Negative cocci (aerobic)

A

Neisseria spp.
Meningitidis
Gonorrhoea
Moraxella Catarrhalis

39
Q

Gram Negative Bacilli (anaerobic)

A

Bacteriodes
Prevotella
Porphyromones

40
Q

Consequence of Neisseria meningitidis infection

A

inflammation of meninges and septeicaemia

41
Q

Detection of Neisseria meningitidis

A

PCR from EDTA blood

42
Q

Consequence of Neisseria gonnorrhoea

A

Urethritis and pelvic inflammatory disorder

43
Q

Consequence of Moraxella catarrhalis

A

Infection of respiratory system, middle ear, CNS and joints

44
Q

Miscellaneous bacteria

A 
Mycobacterium
Leprosy
Spirochetes
Syphillis
Lyme disease
Chlamydia
45
Q

Mycobacterium species

A

Mycobacterium tuberculosis

46
Q

Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

A

Acid and alcohol fast stain (ZN)
Auramine
Culture

47
Q

Leprosy causing organism

A

Mycobacterium leprae

48
Q

Consequence of leprosy

A

Attacks peripheral nerves

49
Q

Detection method of Spirochetes

A

Dark field microscopy

Serology

50
Q

Example of spirochetes

A

Treponema pallidum (syphillis)

51
Q

Syphillis

A

Primary (chancre)
Secondary (latent)
Tertiary (CNS)
Can be congenital

52
Q

Detection of Syphllis

A

PCR and serology

53
Q

How is Lyme disease transmitted

54
Q

Stages of Lyme disease

A

Stage 1 - skin rash
Stage 2 - systemic illness
Stage 3 - Chronic disease

55
Q

Obligate intracellular bacteria

56
Q

Detection of Chlamydia

A

Culture - cell lines
NAAT
Urine and vaginal swabs
Serology

57
Q

cocco-bacilli (mixed appearance)

A

Haemophillus influenzae

58
Q

has over 1500 serotypes

A

Salmonella

59
Q

WGS, XLD agar and ELISA and PCR are methods of detection

A

Salmonella

Principles of Disease (32 decks)

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