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Anatomy > Introduction > Flashcards

Introduction Flashcards

1
Q

anatomy

A

-describes structures of the body
-what the strucutres are made of
-where the strucutres are located
-associated structures

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2
Q

physiology

A

-study of functions of anatomical structures
-individual and cooperative functions

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3
Q

2 types of anatomy

A

-gross anatomy
-microscopic anatomy

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4
Q

gross anatomy

A

-macroscopic
-examines large visible strucutres
-Surface, regional, sectional, systemic, clinical and developmental

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5
Q

surface anatomy

A

exterior features

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6
Q

regional anatomy

A

-body areas

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7
Q

systemic anatomy

A

organ systems

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8
Q

clinical anatomy

A

-medical specialties

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9
Q

developmental anatomy

A

-from conception to adulthood including embryology

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10
Q

microscopic anatomy

A

-examines cells and molecules
-cytology (sudy of cells)
-histology (study of tissues)

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11
Q

signs vs symptoms

A

-signs are objective
-symtpoms are subjective

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12
Q

levels of organization

A

-chemical
-cellular
-tissue
-organ
-organ system
-organism

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13
Q

integumentary system mahor organs and functions

A

-skin, hair, sweat glands, nails
-protection from environment, regulation of body temperature, providing sensory information

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14
Q

skeletal system mahor organs and functions

A

-bones, cartilages, associated ligaments, bone marrow
-provide support and protection, store calcium and other minerals, form blood cells

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15
Q

muscular system mahor organs and functions

A

-skeleatl muscles and associated tendons
-provide movement, provide protection and support, generate heat that maintain body temp

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16
Q

nervous system mahor organs and functions

A

-brain, spinal cord, peripheralnerves, sense organs
-directs immediate responses to stimuli, coordinate or moderate activity of other organ systems, provide and interprets sensory info about external conditions

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17
Q

endocrine system major organs and functions

A

-pituitary gland, thyroid gland, pancreas, adrenal glands, gonads, endocrine tissues in other systems
-directs long term change in activity of other organ system, adjusting metabolic activity and energy use by the body
-control many structural and functional changes during development

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18
Q

cardiovascular system mahor organs and function

A

-heart, blood, blood vessel
-distribute blood cells, water and dissolved material
-distribute heat and assist in control of body temp

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19
Q

lymphatic system mahor organs and functions

A

-spleen, thymus, lymphatic vessel, lymph nodes, tonsils
-defend against infection and disease, return tissue fluids to the bloodstream

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20
Q

respiratory system mahor organs and functions

A

-nasal cavities, sinuses, larynz, trachea, bronchi, lungs, alveoli
-deliver air to alveoli, provide oxygen to blood, remove carbon dioxide from bloodstream, produce sounds for communication

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21
Q

digestive system mahor organs and functions

A

-teeth, tongue, pharynx, esocphagus, stomach, SI, LI, liver, gallbladder, pancreas
-process and digest food, absorb and conserve water, store energy reserve

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22
Q

urinary system mahor organs and functions

A

-kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra
-excrete waste from blood, control water balance, store urine, regulate blood ion concentration and pH

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23
Q

male reproductive system mahor organs and functions

A

-testes, epidydmus, ductus deferens, seminal vesicles, prostate, penis, scrotum
-produce male sex cells, seminal fluids and hormones, intercourse

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24
Q

female reproductive system mahor organs and functions

A

-ovaries, uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, labia, clitoris, mammary glands
-produce female sex cells and hormones, supports developing embryo from conception to delivery
-produce milk to nourish newborn infant, intercourse

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25
Q

what is medical terminology

A

-terms related to body in health and disease
-most commemorative (emponyms) have been replace by precise

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26
Q

surface anatomy

A

-locatin structures on or near the body surface
-can be felt or palpated
-anatomical directions help map findings

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27
Q

anatomical position

A

-hands at sides, palms forward,

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28
Q

supine

A

-lying down, face up

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29
Q

prone

A

-lying down face down

30
Q

cephalic

A

-head
-includes cranial and facial

31
Q

buccal

A

cheek

32
Q

mental

A

chin

33
Q

axillary

A

armpit

34
Q

brachial

A

arm

35
Q

antecubital

A

front of elbow

36
Q

whats included in the trunk

A

-throacic
-mammary
-abdominal
-umbilical
-pelvic

37
Q

antebrachial

A

-forarm

38
Q

pollex

A

thumb

39
Q

crural

A

leg

40
Q

hallux

A

great toe

41
Q

acromial

A

-shoulder

42
Q

olecrana

A

-back of elbow

43
Q

popliteal

A

-back of knee

44
Q

sural

A

-calf

45
Q

calcaneal

A

-heal of foot

46
Q

abdominopelvic regions

A
47
Q

what REGIONs is the stomach in

A

-epigastric, umbilical region, left hypchondriac region

48
Q

what REGION is the spleen in

A

-left hypochondriac region

49
Q

what REGION is the urinary bladder in

A

hypogastric

50
Q

what REGION is the gallbladder in

A

-umbilical region

51
Q

what REGIONs is the liver in

A

-epigastric region, right hypochondriac region and slight right lumbar are umbilical region

52
Q

what REGIONs is the large and small intestine in

A

left & right lumbar, umbilical, left and right inguinal

53
Q

what REGIONs is the appendix in

A

hypogastric region

54
Q

superior

A

-towards the head

55
Q

inferior

A

-away from the head

56
Q

frontal plane

A

-vertical plane that divides into anterior and posterior portions
-a cut in this plane is a frontal section

57
Q

saggital plane

A

-vertical plane dividing body into left and right portions
-a cut in this plane is a saggital section
-parasaggital is offset from the middle

58
Q

transverese plane

A

-divides body into superior and inferior portions
-a cut in this plan is called a transverse section

59
Q

essential functions of body cavities

A

-protects from shock and impacts
-permit significant changes in siz and shape of internal organs

60
Q

ventral body cavity

A

-dividied by the diaphram
-consists of thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity

61
Q

serous membrane

A

-lines body cavities and covers organs
-consists of parietal and visceral layers
-parietal lines the cavity and visceral serosa covers the organ

62
Q

what two organs have the visceral and parietal membranes

A

-lungs and heart

63
Q

thoracic cavity contains

A

-right and left plueral cavities and the medistinum

64
Q

right and left plueral cavities

A

-contain right and left lungs

65
Q

mediastinum

A

-upper portion filled with blood vessels, trachea, espohagus and thymus
-lower portions contains pericardial cavity

66
Q

where is the heart located (cavity)

A

-pericardial cavity within the medistinum

67
Q

abdominopelvic cavity contains

A

-peritoneal cavity
-abdominal cavity
-pelvic cavity

68
Q

peritoneal cavity

A

-chamber within abdominopelvic cavity
-parietal peritoneum lines the internal body wall
-visceral peritoneum covers the organs

69
Q

abdominal cavity

A

-superior portion
-diaphragm to top of pelvic bones
-contains digestive organs

70
Q

retroperitoneal space

A

-area posterior to peritoneum and anterior to muscular body wall
-contains pancreas, kidneys, ureters, and parts of digestive tract

71
Q

pelvic cavity

A

-inferior portion of abdominopelvic cavity
-medial to pelvic bones
-contains reproductive organs, rectum and bladder

Anatomy (10 decks)

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