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Infectious Disease > II: Zoonoses > Flashcards

II: Zoonoses Flashcards

1
Q

____ plague: transmission from animal host to humans

A

Zootic

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2
Q

___-zootic: induction into a new susceptible population

A

Epizootic

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3
Q

___-zootic: stable rodent-flea reservoirs

A

Enzootic

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4
Q

Name 3 families of zoonotic pathogens that exhibit limited human to human transmission.

A

Arenaviridae, Filoviriade, Paramyxoviridae

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5
Q

Name 3 viral zoonotic pathogens that do not exhibit human to human transmission under normal conditions

A

West Nile Virus, Rabies, Sin Nombre Virus

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6
Q

Name 4 arboviruses, for which humans are not dead end hosts

A

Dengue virus, Yellow fever virus, Zika virus, some alphaviruses

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7
Q

Name an arbovirus with an available vaccine.

A

Dengue virus

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8
Q

Name the 4 general presentations of arboviral diseases

A

Febrile illness, Neurologic disease, Arthritis, Hemorrhagic Fever

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9
Q

Name the 6 clinical variants of Tularemia

A

Glandular, Ulceroglandular, Oculoglandular, Pharyngeal, Typhoidal, Pulmonary

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10
Q

Name the three clinical variants of Yersinia pestis

A

Bubonic, septicemic, pneumonic

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11
Q

Name the three families of Arboviruses.

A

Bunyaviridae, Togaviridae, Flaviviridae

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12
Q

Name the three most common vectors for arboviruses.

A

Ticks, mosquitoes, biting flies

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13
Q

Name the two clinical variants of rabies

A

Furious/Encephalitic (80%), Paralytic (20%)

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14
Q

Name the two syndromes associated with Dengue virus.

A

Dengue fever, Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever/Dengue Shock Syndrome

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15
Q

Name three possible sequelae in lyme disease

A

Arthritis, neurologic symptoms, carditis

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16
Q

Name two examples of Arenaviridae.

A

Lassa virus, Machupo virus

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17
Q

Name two examples of Filoviridae

A

Marburgvirus, Ebolavirus

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18
Q

Name two non-vector mechanisms of arbovirus transmission

A

Blood transfusion, organ transplant

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19
Q

What is the genome for Arenaviruses?

A

Bisegmented ambisense RNA

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20
Q

What is the genome for Bunyaviridae?

A

Segmented, negative-sense ssRNA

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21
Q

What is the genome for Filoviridae?

A

Negative-sense ssRNA

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22
Q

What is the genome for Flaviviridae?

A

Positive-sense ssRNA

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23
Q

What is the genome for Hantavirus?

A

Segmented, negative-sense ssRNA

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24
Q

What is the genome for Togaviridae?

A

Positive-sense ssRNA

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25
What is the genome of Rabies? Does it contain an envelope?
Negative-sense ssRNA; Yes
26
What is the host for Sin Nombre virus?
Deer mouse
27
What is the most common clinical variant of Tularemia?
Ulceroglandular
28
What is the reservoir for Yersinia pestis?
Urban and sylvatic rats
29
What is the treatment for neurologic lyme disease?
3rd cephalosporin
30
What is the treatment for primary lyme disease?
Doxycycline
31
What is the treatment for Yersinia pestis?
Streptomycin
32
What is the treatment of rickettsia?
Doxycycline
33
What is the typical incubation phase for rabies?
1-3 months
34
What vaccine is available for Rabies?
Human Diploid Cell Vaccine (HDCV)
35
Which arbovirus family has a genome with a Poly A tail?
Togaviridae
36
Which clinical variant of Yersinia pestis classically arises 2-5 days after a flea bite on the extremities
Bubonic
37
Which clinical variant of Yersinia pestis classically arises following ingestion of a large number of organisms
Septicemic
38
Which clinical variant of Yersinia pestis classically arises in the context of transmission between humans
Pneumonic
39
Which is responsible for transmission of Yersinia pestis to humans?
Fleas
40
Which of the following has a viable vaccine: Yersinia pestis, francisella tularensis, borellia burgdorferi
Yersinia pestis
41
Which pathogen? "Safety pin" morphology
Yersinia pestis
42
Which pathogen? Animal reservoirs in white-footed mice, deer, and ticks
Borrelia burgdorferi
43
Which pathogen? Antibody-Dependent Enhancement is an important mechanism in pathogenesis
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever/Dengue Shock Syndrome
44
Which pathogen? Avian and mosquito hosts; most are asymptomatic; abrupt onset fever/headache/fatigue; rare few have neurologic involvement
West Nile Virus
45
Which pathogen? Bullet shaped virion
Rabies
46
Which pathogen? Capable of metabolic activity but cease metabolic activity when in free form
Rickettsia
47
Which pathogen? Cause of endemic typhus
Rickettsia typhi
48
Which pathogen? Caused the plague
Yersinia pestis
49
Which pathogen? Causes Brill's Disease
Rickettsia prowazekii
50
Which pathogen? Causes epidemic typhus
Rickettsia prowazekii
51
Which pathogen? Causes lyme disease
Borrelia burgdorferi
52
Which pathogen? Causes Rabies
Lyssavirus (family Rhabdoviridae)
53
Which pathogen? Causes Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Rickettsia ricketsii
54
Which pathogen? Causes tularemia
Francisella tularensis
55
Which pathogen? Classically associated with rabbits
Tularemia
56
Which pathogen? Close contact with infected pigs, respiratory and neurologic symptoms
Hendra and Nipah viruses
57
Which pathogen? Completely preventable even following infection
Rabies
58
Which pathogen? Difficulty swallowing, hydrophobia, hallucination, hypersalivation
Rabies (Furious/Encephalitic Form)
59
Which pathogen? Endemic in skunks, raccoons, foxes, and bats in the US
Rabies
60
Which pathogen? Erythema chronicum migrans
Borrelia burgdorferi
61
Which pathogen? Erythematous macular rash 1-2 weeks following inoculation, rash spreads from trunk to extremities
Rickettsia prowazekii (Epidemic Typhus)
62
Which pathogen? Facultative bipolar staining gram negative bacillus
Yersinia pestis
63
Which pathogen? Fever and malaise progressing to n/v, severe prostration, vascular damage, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia
Arenavirus
64
Which pathogen? Fever, headache, and rash; progress to petechial lesions secondary to thrombosis of small vessels and extravasation
Rickettsia
65
Which pathogen? First hantavirus discovered in the US
Sin Nombre
66
Which pathogen? Flavivirus transmitted by mosquito vector; associated with microcephaly in neonates
Zika virus
67
Which pathogen? Found mostly in the Northern hemisphere with peaks in the summer and December
Francisella tularensis
68
Which pathogen? Highly infectious, requiring fewer than 50 organisms on unbroken skin for infection
Francisella tularensis
69
Which pathogen? Infection of monocytes and macrophages; leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, elevated LFTs
Ehrlichiosis
70
Which pathogen? Intracellular zoonotic pathogen that multiplies in the cytosol
Rickettsia
71
Which pathogen? Intracellular zoonotic pathogen that multiplies in the phagosomes
Anaplasma, Ehrlichia
72
Which pathogen? Intracellular zoonotic pathogen that targets endothelial cells
Rickettsia
73
Which pathogen? Intracellular zoonotic pathogen that targets phagocytes
Anaplasma, Ehrlichia
74
Which pathogen? Loosely coiled spirochete, difficult to culture
Borrelia burgdorferi
75
Which pathogen? Macular petechial rash starting in extremities and progressing to trunk
Rickettsia ricketsii (Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever)
76
Which pathogen? May present as pulmonary syndrome or hemorrhagic fever depending on the specific virus
Hantavirus
77
Which pathogen? Milder version of epidemic typhus with no rash
Rickettsia prowazekii (Brill's Disease)
78
Which pathogen? Morulae in the cytoplasm of WBCs
Ehrlichiosis
79
Which pathogen? Most common arboviral disease in the US; flavivirus
West Nile Virus
80
Which pathogen? Most important rickettsial disease in the US
Rickettsia ricketsii (Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever)
81
Which pathogen? Necrotic ulcer with tender regional lymph nodes
Tularemia (Ulceroglandular variant)
82
Which pathogen? Occurs in three stages; fever, arthralgias, arthritis, rash; chronically persistent arthralgia and tenosynovitis
Chikungunya virus
83
Which pathogen? Quadriparesis, leads to multiple organ failure and death
Rabies (Paralytic Form)
84
Which pathogen? Reservoir deer; transmitted by bite of hard tick
Ehrlichiosis
85
Which pathogen? Reservoir deer; transmitted by bite of soft tick
Anaplasmosis
86
Which pathogen? Severe pain in legs/back, no productive cough at onset, thrombocytopenia, neutrophilia, elevated LFTs
Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome
87
Which pathogen? Similar to epidemic typhus, eschar at site of bite
Orientia (Scrub typhus)
88
Which pathogen? Small gram-negative obligate intracellular bacteria; pairs of rods or single coccobacillus with tapered ends
Rickettsia
89
Which pathogen? Small, aerobic, gram-negative coccobacillus
Francisella tularensis
90
Which pathogen? Thrombocytopenia, capillary leakage, hepatic damage; progressing to hypovolemic shock
Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever/Dengue Shock Syndrome
91
Which pathogen? Transmission from lice
Rickettsia prowazekii
92
Which pathogen? Transmission from rat flea feces
Rickettsia typhi
93
Which pathogen? Transmitted by chigger bite, high incidence during war
Orientia (Scrub typhus)
94
Which pathogen? Undergo bacterial phase variation as an imporant virulence mechanism
Francisella tularensis
95
Which pathogen? Unexplained bleeding, nonspecific symptoms, joint/muscle aches
Ebolavirus
96
Which pathogen? Used as a weapon by the Japanese in WWII
Yersinia pestis

Infectious Disease (21 decks)

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