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Infectious Disease > I: Staph and Strep > Flashcards

I: Staph and Strep Flashcards

1
Q

____-hemolytic strep: blood agar appears normal

A

Gamma (No)

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2
Q

____-hemolytic strep: clear zone of medium surrounding colonies on blood agar

A

Beta (Complete)

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3
Q

____-hemolytic strep: green coloration of medium surrounding colonies on blood agar.

A

Alpha (Incomplete)

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4
Q

___-antibodies signal previous strep infection.

A

ASO

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5
Q

Acute rheumatic fever typically occurs ____ weeks after infection.

A

2 to 4

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6
Q

ARF or PSGN? Common recurrence with reinfection

A

ARF

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7
Q

ARF or PSGN? Rare in infants, elderly

A

ARF

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8
Q

ARF or PSGN? Summer Predominance

A

PSGN

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9
Q

ARF or PSGN? Winter-Spring Predominance

A

ARF

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10
Q

Group D ______ are resistant to penicillins

A

enterococci

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11
Q

Late GBC infections are frequently caused by type __ GBS.

A

III

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12
Q

Most neonatal GBS infections involve type __ GBS.

A

II

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13
Q

Name 4 extracellular products of group A strep species

A

Streptolysin O, Streptolysin S, Pyrogenic Exotoxins, Spreading Factors

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14
Q

Name 4 lab/radiologic features of necrotizing fasciitis.

A

leukocytosis with right shift, elevated creatine kinase, elevated creatinine, SQ and fascial edema on imaging

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15
Q

Name 4 spreading factors secreted by group A strep species.

A

Hyaluronidase, streptokinase, DNAase, proteinase

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16
Q

Name 5 antigens seen in strep species.

A

M protein, R protein, T protein, Lipoteichoic acids (LTAs), Hyaluronic acid capsule

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17
Q

Name the most common species implicated in bacterial endocarditis

A

viridans strep

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18
Q

Name the most common species implicated in dental caries.

A

Strep mutans

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19
Q

Name the syndromes seen in indivdiuals susceptible to exfoliatins in the newborn, infant, and pediatric age groups.

A

Ritter’s Disease, Scalded Skin Syndrome, Staph scarlet fever

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20
Q

Name the two most common pathogens in cellulitis?

A

Staph aureus, Group A strep

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21
Q

Name two extracellular products of group B strep species

A

Neuraminidase, CAMP factor

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22
Q

PSGN typically occurs ____ weeks after infection.

A

3 to 6

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23
Q

Staphylococci organize in ____.

A

pairs or clusters

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24
Q

Streptococci are gram-____ cocci that are catalase-_____.

A

Positive; Negative

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25
Streptococci organize in ____.
chains
26
What is the gold standard diagnosis for necrotizing fasciitis?
Surgical biopsy and exploration
27
What is the most common cause of acute endocarditis?
Staph aureus
28
What is the most common cause of bacterial pharyngitis?
Group A Strep
29
What is the most common cause of prosthetic valve endocarditis?
Coag-negative staph
30
What is the most common cause of subacute endocarditis?
Strep viridans
31
What is the most common etiology of necrotizing fasciitis?
Streptococcus pyogenes
32
What virulence factor mediates the pathogenicity of scarlet fever?
Pyrogenic Exotoxins
33
Which age group is particularly susceptible to group B strep infection?
Newborns
34
Which diagnosis? Erythroderma, organ failure, fever, rash with desquamation, hypotension
Toxic Shock Syndrome
35
Which diagnosis? Painful erythroderma, Nikolsky sign, bullous impetigo
Scalded Skin Syndrome
36
Which extracellular product? Enhance host susceptibility to endotoxin shock, immunosuppressive effects, secreted by group A strep species
Pyrogenic Exotoxins
37
Which extracellular product? Oxygen-labile hemolysin seen in group A strep species
Streptolysin O
38
Which extracellular product? Oxygen-stabile hemolysin that can be cytotoxic to leukocytes and RBCs
Streptolysin S
39
Which infection? Fever, diffuse red rash, coated strawberry tongue
Scarlet Fever/Group A strep
40
Which Lancefield Group? Bacitracin-Sensitive and M-antigen
A
41
Which Lancefield Group? Bile Esculin Hydrolysis Positive and 6.5% NaCl Tolerance
D Enterococcus
42
Which Lancefield Group? Bile-Esculin Hydrolysis Positive
D
43
Which Lancefield Group? Capsular polysaccharide
Strep pneumoniae
44
Which Lancefield Group? Positive CAMP test
B
45
Which of the following media can grow staphylococci? Blood, Chocolate, MacConkey
Blood, Chocolate
46
Which sign of endocarditis? Non-tender, flat macular lesions on digits
Janeway lesions
47
Which sign of endocarditis? Retinal hemorrhages
Roth spots
48
Which sign of endocarditis? Tender, purple raised papules on digits
Osler nodes
49
Which skin infection? Irregular border with fever and leukocytosis possible
Cellulitis
50
Which skin infection? Pain out of proportion to physical exam, bullae later in progression
Necrotizing Fasciitis
51
Which skin infection? Well demarcated borders, not usually seen in lower extremities
Erysipelas
52
Which skin infections are commonly caused by Group A strep?
Impetigo, Cellulitis
53
Which staph aureus virulence factor? Associated with Toxic Shock Syndrome
Enterotoxin B and C
54
Which staph aureus virulence factor? Binds Fc receptor to prevent antibody-mediated phagocytosis.
Protein A
55
Which staph aureus virulence factor? Binds fibrinogen to convert it to fibrin and prevent phagocytosis
Clumping Factor
56
Which staph aureus virulence factor? Binds to glycolipids to cause separation at granular cell layer desmosomes in the skin
Exfoliatin A and B
57
Which staph aureus virulence factor? Causes white cell lysis and protects from phagocytosis, causes severe invasive disease
Leucocidin
58
Which staph aureus virulence factor? Clots plasma to wall off infection as an abscess
Coagulase
59
Which staph aureus virulence factor? Extracellular matrix that cements and protects
Slime
60
Which staph aureus virulence factor? Implicated in Scalded Skin Syndrome
Exfoliatin A and B
61
Which staph aureus virulence factor? Preformed toxin in food that causes GI disturbance (most common cause of food poisoning)
Enterotoxin
62
Which staph aureus virulence factor? Superantigen that stimulates cytokines and causes endothelial leakage
Toxic Shock Syndrome Toxin 1 (TSST-1)
63
Which staph species is associated with shunt and indwelling line infections?
Epidermidis
64
Which staph species is associated with UTI?
Saphrophyticus
65
Which strep species displays M protein?
Streptococcus pyogenes
66
Which type of necrotizing fasciitis? Caused by strep pyogenes in patients of any age with no risk factors
II
67
Which type of necrotizing fasciitis? Mixed bacterial infection in patients with risk factors (recent surgery, diabetes, vascular disease)
I

Infectious Disease (21 decks)

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