Global fjäderfäproduktion 29/1 - Ghana Flashcards
Produktionen i Ghana?
Poultry dominates animal production - 3 main regions
Accra - medium and small farms
Kumasi - large and medium farms
Dormaa - large farms
Hur många kycklingar finns i Ghana?
about 90 million chickens i Ghana
Free-range (Backyard) > 60%
Kommersiell produktion?
Mostly egg production, not so much broiler production
Layers > 95%
Olika produktionssystem?
Battery cage
- beror på storleken på gallret när de börjar hållas där
- absolut vanligast
Deep litter
Äggproduktion?
Open house ventilation
Mostly all in all out
From start to finish (allt görs på en och samma gård)
(chick to spent layer)
Äggproduktion - storleken på gårdarna?
Small scale
<5000 (40%)
Medium scale
5000 – 50,000 (50%)
Large scale
>50,000 (10%)
- Mostly in the poultry hubs - bra infrastruktur och förutsättningar
Egg - Breed & Strains?
Most day old chicks are imported from Europe & the UK
- Very few breeder farms and hatcheries
Both brown and white birds are preferred
- Brown most preferred for spent layer meat
ISA, Lohmann, Leghorn, and Bovans
Sasso - Multipurpose breed
Slaktkycklingproduktion?
Deep litter
Very low production
- Less than 15 active farms
Farm capacity
- 100 to 5,000 per cycle
Open ventilation houses
Mainly seasonal
- Very few slaughter facilities
- Live market
- inför jul och festligare högtider
Many are sold on the live market
Broiler breeds / strains?
Mainly Ross and Cobb
Sasso becomes more popular - gives both eggs and meat
Poultry Welfare?
No formal legislation on animal welfare
- Strong production perspectives
Quite comprehensive vaccination regime
Brooding?
allt görs på en och samma gård
elektronisk värmelampa
översta bilden - heaters inside the room
Näbbtrimmning?
Stort välfärdsproblem
Very common practice
Occur during rearing
- Can happen more than once
- De kan göra detta i Europa innan de importeras och sedan när de anländer och näbben börjar växa så kan de trimma den igen
Biosäkerhet?
No formal legislation
More reactive than proactive in approach
Foot baths and barrier (walls) are common
Antibiotikaanvändning?
Weak legislation on Antibiotic use
Mainly limits certain compounds for use in animals
Self-administration very common
Lots of retail shops
Both Therapeutic & Prophylactic usage
Low enforcement/ adherence of withdrawal periods
High risk of AMR
Foderproduktion?
Predominantly home mixers
- Only few commercial feed mills
Protein concentrates & vitamin premixes are imported
Mainly corn and soy bean meal based feed
Mash feeds (not often pelleted feed)
Ägg och kyckling konsumtion?
Egg is the cheapest protein source in Ghana
Sufficient egg production. Net exporter
Low consumption
Chicken is second most consumed protein after fish
More than 90% of demand (400,000 MT/year) imported (pga lite broiler production)
Imported $254M worth of poultry in 2020
Lack of incentives/policy to protect local industry (kan inte konkurrera med de importerade varorna)
High cost of production (> USD 4/ kg)
- So farmers cannot compete with imported meat
High demand for local chicken during religious festivals (during christmas)
Spent layers form a big part of the local meat
Food safety issues…
But, the cooking methods play a big role against the effects of contamination
