Glaciated Landscapes SG4

Question 1

Define Glaciofluvial

Answer 1

A term used to describe processes and landforms associated with the action of meltwater streams from glaciers during post-glacial times

Question 2

Define Supraglacial Stream

Answer 2

Flowing on the surface of a glacier

Question 3

Define Englacial Stream

Answer 3

Flowing in an ice tunnel inside a glacier

Question 4

Define Subglacial Stream

Answer 4

Flowing below the glacier

Question 5

Define Braided Proglacial Stream

Answer 5

Flowing beyond the snout of the glacier

Question 6

What do subglacial and englacial streams also flow under?

Answer 6

Hydrostatic pressure

Question 7

Why is the water that flows out of glaciers milky-coloured?

Answer 7

Due to the presence of rock flour

Question 8

Define Variable Discharge

Answer 8

The energy of the stream changes influencing whether erosion, transportation or deposition occurs

Question 9

Define Discharge

Answer 9

The volume of water passing a given point over a given time, measured in cubic meters per second (cumecs)

Question 10

Define Hydrostatic Pressure

Answer 10

Very high pressure

Question 11

Define Velocity

Answer 11

The speed of flow, usually measured in metres per second

Question 12

Define Diurnal

Answer 12

From day to night

Question 13

What are five characteristics of glaciofluvial sediment?

Answer 13

Sorted, Graded, Stratified, Smooth and Rounded, Smaller than glacial till

Question 14

Define Outwash Plains

Answer 14

A flat expanse of glaciofluvial sediment located in the proglacial area

Question 15

Name an Outwash Plain

Answer 15

Solheimajokull, Iceland

Question 16

What area does the Solheimajokull outwash plane cover?

Answer 16

57km2

Question 17

Define Kettle Holes

Answer 17

Produced by stagnant blocks of dead ice melting slowly after being buried by outwash material, Forms a depression when the ice melts which can fill with water

Question 18

Define Eskers

Answer 18

A long and winding ridge composed of stratified sand and gravel deposited by meltwater streams as it flowed in a channel beneath a glacier

Question 19

Name an Esker

Answer 19

Mosedale Esker, Lake District

Question 20

How long, wide and tall is the Mosedale Esker?

Answer 20

200m long, 50m wide, 5m tall

Question 21

Define Kame

Answer 21

A hill or hummock of stratified sand and gravel laid down by a glacial meltwater

Question 22

What are the two types of kame?

Answer 22

Delta kame, Kame terraces

Question 23

Define Delta Kame

Answer 23

A flat-topped, steep-sided hill of well-sorted sand and gravel deposited by a meltwater stream flowing into an ice marginal lake or sea

Question 24

Define Kame Terraces

Answer 24

A ridge of material running along the edge of the valley floor

Question 25

Name a Kame Terrace

Answer 25

Kingsdale Valley, Yorkshire Dales

Question 26

How long is the Kingsdale Valley Kame Terrace and how high?

Answer 26

2km long and 2m high