GI-Mechanisms of pathogens Flashcards
What makes Clostirdium difficile difficult to treat
Via the creation of a pseudomembrane that does not allow broad spectrum antibiotics
What are the toxins of C. difficile and what is the result of their toxin
Toxin A-enterotxin leading to diarrhea
Toxin B- Cytotoxin leading to cytotoxicity of colon cells
What are the presentations of C. Difficile infection
- Severe diarrhea
- Abdominal cramping
- Fever
What is the appearance of the colon during the course of C. Difficile infection
Red inflamed mucosa with areas of white exudate (pseudomembrane) in the large intestine
What is the clinical outcome of infection with entamoeba histolytica
- Portal blood circulation
- Liver abscesses
- Pulmonary abscesses and death
What is the state of invasion in Giardia lamblia
No invasion of intestinal wall
What is the state of the eggs in ascaris lumbricoides
Excreted in feces and live in soil
What is the state of eggs in strongyloides stercoralis
Are not passed in the stool
What portion of the life cycle is passed in strongyloides stercoralis
The actual hatched larvae are passed in the stool
For Schistosoma japonicum what is the geographic distribution
Eastern Asia
Wha this the location of residence for Schistosoma japonicum
Veins surrounding the intestinal tract
What are the eggs deposited for Schistosoma japonicum
Feces
What is the geographic distribution for Schistosoma mansoni
South America and africa
What is the location of residence for Schistosoma mansoni
Veins around the intestinal tract
Where are the eggs deposited in Schistosoma mansoni
Feces
What si the geographic distribution of Schistosoma haematobium
Africa
What is the location of residence for Schistosoma haematobium
Veins around the bladder
Where are the eggs deposited in Schistosoma haematobium
Urine
What are the parasites included under the umbrella of nematodes
- Necator americanus
- Ancyclostoma duodenale
- Ascaris lumbricoides
- Strongyloides
- Trichuris trichiura
- Enterobius vermicularis
Which parasites are considered to be hook worms
- Necator americanus
- Ancylostoma duodenale
Which parasite is considered to be a whip worm
Trichuris trichiura
Which parasite is considered to be a pin worm
Enterobius Vermicularis
Which parasites are considered to be blood flukes
Shistosoma spp
Which parasite is considered to be a tape worm
Cestode
What are the side effects of an infection with diphyllobothrium datum
Abdominal symptoms and anemia due to lack of vitamin B12
