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pharmacology > Final Comprehensive Safety Exam > Flashcards

Final Comprehensive Safety Exam Flashcards

1
Q

Prodrug metabolism

A

Does not activate until metabolized in liver
rapid metabolizers at risk for drug toxicity
slow metabolizers at risk for ineffectiveness

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2
Q

CYP450 inhibitors

A

increase drug availability in the body=toxicity

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3
Q

CYP450 inducers

A

Decrease drug effect=ineffectiveness

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4
Q

Drugs that prolong QT

A 
Zofran
Beta Blockers
Methadone
Albuterol
Tricyclic Antidepressants
macrolides
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5
Q

examples of CYP450 inhibitors

A

cimetidine, ketoconazole, erythromycin, estradiol, grapefruit juice, fluoroquinolones, diltiazem, tetracyclines

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6
Q

example of CYP450 inducer

A

phenobarbital, rifampin

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7
Q

causes ototoxicity and renal toxicity

A

aminoglycosides (gentamycin, neomycin)

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8
Q

Antibiotics contraindicated in pregnancy

A

Tetracycline (doxycycline)

fluoroquinolone (ciprofloxacin, levaquin)

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9
Q

GI meds contraindicated in pregnancy

A

Cytotec, stimulant laxatives, sodium bicarbonate (alka seltzer), pepto bismol

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10
Q

BBW for Phenergan

A

respiratory depression in children

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11
Q

BBW for lotronex

A

Ischemic colitis

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12
Q

used to treat women with severe IBS-D

A

Lotronex

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13
Q

BBW for methotrexate

A

Blocks folic acid, can lead to fetal toxicity

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14
Q

Immunosuppressant used for rheumatoid arthritis

and crohns disease

A

methotrexate

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15
Q

BBW for fluoroquinolones

A

Tendon rupture

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16
Q

Need additional birth control
avoid calcium and other metal supplements
photosensitivity

A

tetracyclines

17
Q

can cause yellow discoloration of teeth

no pregnancy or children under 8

A

tetracyclines

18
Q

macrolides

A

erythromycin

azithromycin

19
Q

avoid in 1st and 3rd trimester

A

sulfonamides (bactrim, septra)

20
Q

steven johnson syndrome

hemolytic anemia

A

sulfonamides (bactrim, septra)

21
Q

Do not give with calcium channel blockers or warfarin

A

clarithromycin

22
Q

interferes with absorption of oral contraceptives
CYP450 Inducer
Decreases warfarin levels

A

rifampin

23
Q

BBW: severe hepatitis, liver failure, death

A

Isoniazid (INH) for TB

24
Q

Do not give live vaccines

A

Pregnancy, immunocompromised, children < 1

25
Q

H2RA GI med that is a CYP450 inhibitor

A

Tagamet (cimetidine)

26
Q

prostaglandin analog GI med contraindicated in pregnancy with BBW of causing uterine contractions

A

Tagamet (cimetidine)

27
Q

Stimulant laxative with BBW of pregnancy category X

A

Castor oil

28
Q

anticholinergics

A 
Atropine (in lomotil)
Benadryl
Atrovent
Spiriva
TCAs
29
Q

GI med that can cause tardive dyskinesia

A

Phenergan

30
Q

safety for PPIs

A

Increased risk of lung infection
Taper off slowly d/t rebound acidity
Give 2 hours apart from enteric coated drugs

pharmacology (26 decks)

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