GI - Unit A

Question 1

mechanism of action for antacids

Answer 1

Neutralize hydrochloric acid and increase the gastric pH

Question 2

Which antacids cause constipation

Answer 2

aluminum hydroxide (Amphgel)
Calcium carbonate (Tums)

Question 3

what antacids cause diarrhea

Answer 3

magnesium hydroxide (Milk of Magnesia)

Question 4

sodium bicarbonate (Alka-Seltzer) risks

Answer 4

can lead to fluid retention

can mess with blood pressure

Question 5

Antacid to avoid in patients with renal insufficiency

Answer 5

Milk of Magnesia

Question 6

Can bind with warfarin and decrease absorbtion

Answer 6

aluminum hydroxide

Question 7

Cause chelation - avoid with iron and prenatal vitamins

Answer 7

Antacids

Question 8

Stimulates secretion of gastric acid

Answer 8

histamine

Question 9

example of H2RAs

Answer 9

Tagament (cimetidine)
Famotidine (Pepcid)
Nizatidine (Axid)

Question 10

Inhibits many P450 enzyme pathways

Creates several drug-to-drug interactions

Answer 10

Cimetidine (Tagamet)

Question 11

H2RA that has the fewest drug to drug interactions

Answer 11

Pepcid (famotidine)

Question 12

Strongest anti-secretory agent but take longer to work

Answer 12

Proton-pump inhibitors

Question 13

causes risk of fractures and gastric malignancy

Answer 13

PPIs

Question 14

prostaglandin analog (stimulates mucus secretion)

Answer 14

Cytotec (misoprostol)

Question 15

Block box warning category X in pregnancy because it stimulates uterine contractions

Answer 15

Cytotec (misoprostol)

Question 16

Promotes ulcer healing by providing a protective barrier against pepsin and acid–
Does not neutralize acid

Answer 16

Carafate (sucralfate)

Question 17

H. pylori (gram negative) treatment

Answer 17

Multiple drug regimen

Question 18

dyspepsia drugs to avoid in pregancy

Answer 18

Bismuth subsalicylate (pepto-bismol)
sodium bicarbonate (Alka-Seltzer)