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Pharmacology > Final > Flashcards

Final Flashcards

1
Q

Morphine

A

strong opioid

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2
Q

fentanyl

A

strong opioid

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3
Q

hydromorphine

A

strong opioid

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4
Q

methadone

A

strong opioid

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5
Q

oxymorphone

A

strong opioid

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6
Q

oxycodone

A

strong opioid

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7
Q

codine

A

mild to moderate opioid

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8
Q

hydrocodone

A

mild to moderate opioid

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9
Q

-phine

A

mixed agonist antagonist opioid

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10
Q

Naloxone and naltrexone

A

opioid antagonists

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11
Q

mechanism of opioids

A

bind to mu, delta and kappa to close the presynapic Ca channels and open K channels on the post synaptic

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12
Q

tolerance of opiods have no effect on

A

miosis, constipation, and convulsions

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13
Q

opioid toxicity triad

A

1) CNS depression
2) respiratory depression (cyanosis)
3) miosis

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14
Q

s/s of opioid overdose

A
  • euphoria
  • unconsciousness
  • respiratory depression
  • pulmonary edema
  • seizures
  • hypothermia
  • death
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15
Q

what are non-opioid analgesics

A

NSAIDS and acetaminophen

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16
Q

Asprin

A

NSAID

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17
Q

Ibuprofen

A

NSAID

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18
Q

indomethacin

A

NSAID

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19
Q

meloxicam

A

NSAID

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20
Q

celecoxib

A

non selective NSAID

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21
Q

side effects of NSAIDS

A
  • kidney failure
  • liver failure
  • ulcers
  • edema
  • n/v
  • dirrehea or constipation
  • decreased appitite
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22
Q

indications for acetaminophen

A

fever and OA

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23
Q

contraindications for acetaminophen

A
  • reyes syndrome
  • liver disease/toxicity
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24
Q

inflammatory drugs

A

steroids and NSAIDS

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25
Q

-sone

A

steroids

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26
Q

MOA of steroids

A

binds to GRE to suppress cytokines

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27
Q

side effects of steroids

A
  • adrenal shock: causes leg pain
  • breakdown of tissues: decrease collagen
  • crushing syndrome: hypercortisol
  • decrease ability to absorb Ca2+: osteoporosis
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28
Q

Baclofen

A

Gaba B agonist - used for antispastisity

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29
Q

side effects of baclofen

A

sedation and weakness

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30
Q

diazepam (valium)

A

gaba A agonist for antispastisity and anti spasm

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31
Q

side effect of diazepam

A

coma or death

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32
Q

antidote for diazepam

A

flumazenil

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33
Q

tizanidine

A

alpha 2 adrenergic for antispasticity

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34
Q

SE of tizanidine

A

weakness, hypotension, sedation

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35
Q

dantrolene

A

blocks Ca for antispasticity

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36
Q

SE of dantrolene

A

weakness

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37
Q

botulinum toxin

A

decreases AcH in NMJ for anti spasticity

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38
Q

gabapentin

A

increases gaba used for anti spasticity or chronic pain

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39
Q

SE of gabapentin

A

sedation, fatigue, dizziness, ataxia

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40
Q

carisoprodol

A

anti spasm / polysynaptic inhibitor

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41
Q

cyclobenzaprine

A

anti spasm / polysynaptic inhibitor

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42
Q

methocarbamol

A

anti spasm / polysynaptic inhibitor

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43
Q

orphenadrine

A

anti spasm / polysynaptic inhibitor

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44
Q

SE of spasmotics

A

1) drowsiness/dizziness
2) Nausea, lightheadedness, vertigo, ataxia

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45
Q

classes of drugs that can be used in RA treatment

A

1) NSAIDS
2) Steroids
3) DMARDS

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46
Q

hydrozychlorquine

A

traditional DMARD

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47
Q

methotrexate

A

traditional DMARD

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48
Q

leflunomide

A

traditional DMARD

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49
Q

sulfasalzine

A

traditional DMARD

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50
Q

-mab -cept

A

biologic DMARD

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51
Q

SE of DMARDS

A

local injection site reaction, infection, maligancy

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52
Q

Drugs used for OA

A

1) acetaminophen
2) NSAIDS
3) Hyaluronic acid
4) chondroitin sufate

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53
Q

SE of hyaluronic acid

A
  • pain at injection site
  • joint stiffness
  • headache
    note: can cause temporary pain and swelling avoid strenuous activites for a couple of days
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54
Q

SE of chondroitiin sulfate

A
  • stomach pain
  • n/v
  • diarrhea
  • headache
  • swelling
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55
Q

Drugs classes for osteoporosis

A

1) biophosphonates
2) SERMS
3) Calcitonin
4) RANKL inhibitor
5) PTH
6) ca and vit D

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56
Q

-onate

A

biophosphonates

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57
Q

MOA of biophosphonates

A

inhibit osteoclasts

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58
Q

SE of biophasphonates

A

acid reflex (do not take on an empty stomach)

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59
Q

Raloxifene

A

SERMS

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60
Q

MOA of raloxifene

A

mimic estrogen to decrease bone resorption

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61
Q

MOA of calcitonin

A

decrease osteoclast

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62
Q

SE of calcitonin

A

nasal irritation

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63
Q

Denosumab

A

RANKL inhibitor

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64
Q

MOA of densumab

A

decrease osteoclasts by inhibiting RANKL

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65
Q

SE of densumab

A

osteonecrosis of the jaq

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66
Q

-paratide

A

PTH

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67
Q

MOA of PTH

A

increase the work of osteoblasts

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68
Q

what are the common SE of drugs for osteoporosis

A

leg cramp and hot flash

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69
Q

what drugs should be administered on days that pt is NOT attending PT

A

calcitonin, SERMS, and teriparatide

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70
Q

sympathetic tone

A

controls BP even at rest through vasoconstriction, thermoregulary, renin release, and sweat gland only have sympathetic (other then that increase HR, brochodilation

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71
Q

parasympathetic tone

A

slows hear and increases GI

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72
Q

“rine” and “zoline”

A

alpha 1 agonists

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73
Q

therapeutic effect of alpha 1 agonists

A

decrease nasal congestion

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74
Q

SE of alpha 1 agonists

A

increase BP
reflex brady
headache

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75
Q

clonidine

A

alpha 2 selective agonist

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76
Q

methydopa

A

alpha 2 selective agonist

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77
Q

therapeutic effects of alpha 2 selective agonist

A

anti HTN

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78
Q

SE of alpha 2 selective agonist

A

1) dizziness
2) drowsiness
3) dry mouth

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79
Q

-osin and phenoxybezamine

A

alpha 1 selective antagonist

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80
Q

therapeutic effect of alpha 1 selective antagonist

A

anti-HTN and urinary retention in benign prostatic hyperplasia

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81
Q

SE of alpha 1 selective antagonist

A
  • orthostatic hypotension
  • reflex tachy
  • dizziness
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82
Q

-amide

A

beta 1 selective agonist

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83
Q

theraputic effect of beta 1 selective agonist

A

positive iontrop/ increases the HR

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84
Q

SE of beta 1 selective agonist

A

1) arrhythmia
2) SOB
3) chest pain

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85
Q

“erols” and terbutaline

A

beta 2 selective agonists

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86
Q

theraputic used for beta 2 selective agonist (erols)

A

bronchodialtion

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87
Q

theraputic use for beta 2 selective agonist (terbutaline)

A

delay preterm labor

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88
Q

SE of beta 2 selective agonist

A
  • nervousness
  • restlessness
  • trembling
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89
Q

olol

A

beta antagonist (beta blocker)

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90
Q

theraputic uses for beta blockers

A

anti HTN
angina
HF

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91
Q

SE of beta blockers

A
  • bronchoconstriction
  • bradycardia
  • dizziness
  • depression
  • lethargy
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92
Q

amphetamines

A

non selective alpha and beta agonist for ADD and narcolepsy

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93
Q

epinephrine

A

non selective alpha and beta agonist for anaphylatic shock

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94
Q

norepinephrine

A

non selective alpha and beta agonist for hypotensive shock

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95
Q

SE of non selective alpha and beta agonist

A
  • anxiety
  • HTN
  • Arrhythmia
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96
Q

Hyoscyamine

A

anti cholinergic

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97
Q

dicyclomide

A

anti cholinergic

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98
Q

bromide bros

A

anti cholinergic - bronchodilators

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99
Q

benztropine

A

anti cholinergic

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100
Q

oxybutynin

A

anti cholinergic

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101
Q

tolterodine

A

anti cholinergic

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102
Q

atropine

A

anti cholinergic - eyes and heart

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103
Q

tropicamide

A

anti cholinergic - eyes

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104
Q

scopolamine

A

anti cholinergic - motion sickness

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105
Q

bethanechol

A

direct acting cholinergic agonist (ACH)

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106
Q

pilocarpine

A

direct acting cholinergic agonist (ACH)

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107
Q

methacholine

A

direct acting cholinergic agonist (ACH)

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108
Q

carbachol

A

direct acting cholinergic agonist (ACH)

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109
Q

donepezil

A

indirect acting cholinergic agonist for AD

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110
Q

rivastigmine

A

indirect acting cholinergic agonist for AD

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111
Q

galantamine

A

indirect acting cholinergic agonist for AD

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112
Q

neostigmine

A

indirect acting cholinergic agonist for myastenia gravis

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113
Q

pyridostigmine

A

indirect acting cholinergic agonist for myastenia gravis

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114
Q

edrophonium

A

indirect acting cholinergic agonist for myastenia gravis

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115
Q

ambenonium

A

indirect acting cholinergic agonist for myastenia gravis

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116
Q

physostigmine

A

indirect acting cholinergic agonist for glaucoma

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117
Q

echothiopate

A

indirect acting cholinergic agonist for glaucoma

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118
Q

SE for cholinergic agents (agonists)

A
  • GI
  • increase salvation
  • increase lachrymation
  • bronchoconstriction
  • bradycardia
  • visual accommodation
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119
Q

anti HTN drug classes

A

1) alpha 2 agonists
2) beta blockers
3) ace inhibitors
4) ARB
5) CCB
6) diuretics
7) alpha blockers
8) vasodilators

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119
Q

MOA of alpha 2 agonists

A

decrease NE release leading to vasodilation

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119
Q

-prils

A

ACE inhibitors

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120
Q

MOA of ACE inhibitors

A

block the conversion of agiotension 1 to angiotension 2 thus decreasing the absorption of na and H20. decrease in blood volume, BP and vasodilation

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121
Q

SE of ACE inhibitors

A
  • dry cough
  • hyperkalemia
  • kidney damage
  • edema
  • fetotoxic
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122
Q

“sartan”

A

ARBS

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123
Q

MOA of ARBs

A

blocks angiotension receptors to decrease blood volume, BP and vasodilation

124
Q

SE of ARBs

A
  • actue kidney disease
  • hyperkalemia
  • fetotoxic
125
Q

aliskiren

A

renin inhibitor do not take while pregnant

126
Q

“dipines” vera and diltia

127
Q

MOA of CCB

A

decreases calcium thus decreasing vasocontriction

128
Q

CCB side effects

A
  • dizziness
  • flusing
  • headache
  • fatigue
  • peripheral edema
129
Q

Types of dieretics

A

thiazie “thiazide”
loop “semide”
K sparing (spirolactone and triameterene)

130
Q

SE of diuretics

A
  • orthostatic hypotension
  • confusion
  • irritability
  • weakness
  • cardiac arrthmias
  • electrolyte imbalance
131
Q

hydralazine

A

vasodilator for anti HTN

132
Q

minoxidil

A

vasodilator for anti HTN

133
Q

SE of vasodilators for anti HTN

A
  • othostatic hypo
  • reflex tachy
  • incrase in renin
134
Q

quinidine

A

class 1 A antiarrhythmic increases refractory period

135
Q

procainamide

A

class 1 A antiarrhythmic increases refractory period

136
Q

disopyramide

A

class 1 A antiarrhythmic extended duration of action potenial treat ventricular arrythmias

137
Q

lidocaine

A

class 1B antiarrhythmic - blocks NA channels ventricular arrhythmias

138
Q

mexiletine

A

class 1B antiarrhythmic - blocks NA channels ventricular arrhythmias

139
Q

flexainide

A

class 1 C antiarrhythmia slows conduction- ventricular arrhythmias

140
Q

propafenone

A

class 1 C antiarrhythmia slows conduction- ventricular arrythmias

141
Q

class 2 anti arrythmics

A

beta blockers work on phase 4 slowing SA node for atrial tachy and ventricular arrhytmias

142
Q

class 3 antiarrhythmics

A

“darone” “tilide” K channel blockers. Delay in repolarization (phase 3)

143
Q

class 4 antiarrhythmic

A

CCB (vera and diltia) slows SA node in phase 2 good for a fib

144
Q

Other tachyarrhythmic drugs

A

1) adenosine (inhibits AV conduction)
2) digoxin (reduces AV conduction)
3) Atropine (block vagal effect on SA to treat bradycardia)

145
Q

what are the SE of class 3 K channel blockers

A
  • pulmonary toxicity
  • thyroid dysfunction
  • hepatotoxicity
  • corneal deposits
146
Q

classes of drugs used for anti-anginal

A

1) organic nitrate
2) b-blockers
3) CCB
4) sodium channel blockers

147
Q

MOA of organic nitrate

A

increases nitric oxide which increases cGMP activating the MKLC causing vasodilation

148
Q

SE of organic nitrates

A
  • headache
    -orthostatic hypo
  • facial flushing
  • tachycardia
149
Q

ranolazine

A

sodium channel blocker used in antiangina

150
Q

MOA of ranolazine

A

decrease Na to decrease ca overload leading to increased diastolic function

151
Q

SE of ranolazine

A
  • dizziness
  • headache
  • constipation
  • QT prolongation
152
Q

classes of drugs used for HF

A

1) diuretics
2) Ace inhibitor
3) ARB
4) beta blockers
5) aldosterone receptor antagonist
6) cardiac glycosides (positive iontrops)
7) vasodilators

153
Q

“tanide” “semide” and metalazone

A

diuretics used in HF

154
Q

spironolactone

A

aldosterone recepter antagonist: prevents salt retention, myocardial hypertrophy and hypokalemia

155
Q

eplerenone

A

aldosterone receptor antagonist that decreases endocrine effects

156
Q

MOA of digoxin

A

increase sodium and potassium pump enhancing vagal tone by being a positive iontrop but not increasing HR

157
Q

SE of digoxin

A
  • narrow T.I.
  • anorexia
  • N/V
  • blurred vision
  • cardiac arrhythmias
  • hypokalemia
158
Q

MOA of milrone

A

increasing cAMP creating an increase in HR and positive iontrop (for HF) beta adrenergic effect

159
Q

MOA of dobutamine

A

increaseing cAMP creating an increase in HR and positive iontrop for HF beta anrenergic effect and phosphodiasterase inhibitor

160
Q

vasodilators used in HR

A

nitrates and hydralazine

161
Q

SE of nirtrates and hydralazine

A
  • headache
  • hypotension
  • tachycardia
162
Q

what HF drugs reduce mortality

A

ACE inhibitors
beta blockers
aldosterone receptor antagonists

163
Q

MOA of anticoagulants

A

inhibit production of thrombin

164
Q

anti coagulant drugs

A

1) vit k antagonist
2) herprin
3) direct thrombin inhibitor
4) factor XA inhibitors

165
Q

vit k antagonist

166
Q

SE of warfin

A

1) hemorrhage
2) teratogenesis

167
Q

-eprins

168
Q

heparin side effect

A
  • bleeding
  • thrombocytopenia
  • osteoporosis
  • hyper sensitivity
169
Q

-tran, -troban, -rudin

A

direct thrombin inhibitors

170
Q

SE of direct thrombin inhibitors

A
  • bleeding
    -GI
171
Q

xa in the middle and fonda

A

factor xa inhibitors

172
Q

SE of xa inhibitors

A
  • bleeding
  • pain in limbs
  • headache
  • dizziness
  • abdominal pain
173
Q

Antithrombolitics classes of drugs

A

1) Cox inhibitor- Asprin
2) ADP/P2Y12 inhibitors (grels)
3) PDE (-mole)
4) glycoprotein 2A and B (abc mab and trofiban)

174
Q

MOA of antithrombolitics

A

prevent platelet plug

175
Q

SE of anti thrombolitics

A
  • bleeding
  • GI
  • Tinnitus (asprin)
  • thromboltic thrombocytopenic purpura (clopidgrel)
176
Q

-place and -kinase

A

thrombolitics

177
Q

SE of thrombolytics

A
  • bleeding
  • allergic reaction
  • re-occusion
178
Q

MOA of thrombolytics

A

activate plasminogen to plasmin

179
Q

hemostatics

A

opposite MOA as throbolytics decrease conversion of plasminogen to keep clots (acids)

180
Q

classes of drugs for hyperlipidema

A

1) statins
2) bile acide sequestrants
3) ezetimeibe
4) fibrates
5) omega 3 fatty acid
6) niacin
7) PCSK inhibitors

181
Q

MOA of statins

A

inhibit production of cholesterol in the liver by inhibiting HMG-CoA

182
Q

side effects of statins

A
  • muscle pain and weakness
  • fatigue
  • rhadomyolysis (muscle breakdown leading to kidney damage)
183
Q

cole and chole

A

bile acide sequestrants

184
Q

MOA of bile acid sequestrants

A

decrease bile in small instestine thus increasing production of bile from cholesterol in the liver

185
Q

SE of bile acid sequestrants

A
  • constipation
  • bloating
  • indigestion
    -nausea
186
Q

MOA of ezetimibe

A

inhibit absorption if cholesterol in the small intestine

187
Q

SE of ezetimibe

A
  • dirrhea
  • sinusitis
  • fatigue
  • joint pain
188
Q

MOA of fenfibrate and gemfibozil

A

enhancing PPAR alpha receptors thus increasing LDL absorption in the liver

189
Q

SE of fenfibrate and gemfibozil

A
  • GI
  • increase in liver enzymes
  • gallstones
  • myopathy
  • increase creatine levels
  • skin rashes
190
Q

lovaza

A

omega 3 fatty acid

191
Q

vascepa

A

omega 3 fatty acid

192
Q

I E

A

omega 3 fatty acid

193
Q

MOA of niacin

A

increase HDL and decrease VLDL

194
Q

Evolocumab

A

PCSK9 inhibitor

195
Q

alirocumab

A

PCSK9 inhibitor

196
Q

MOA of PCSK9 inhibitor

A

removal of LDL from blood stream

197
Q

SE of PCSK9 inhibitor

A
  • nasopharyngitis
  • injection site reaction
  • flu symptoms
  • back pain
198
Q

Oral DM drugs

A

1) sulfonylureas
2) meglitinides
3) metformin
4) thiazolidediones
5) alpha-glucosidase inhibitors
6) DPP- 4 inhibitor
7) GLP 1 analogs
8) sodium glucose transporter inhibitor

199
Q

(gl-ide)

A

sulfonylureas

200
Q

MOA of sulfonylureas

A

block SURI increasing insulin release from the pancreas

201
Q

SE of sulfonylureas

A
  • hypoglycemia
  • cholestatic jaudice
  • wt gain
  • fetal hypoglycemia
202
Q

glinide

A

meglitinides

203
Q

moa of meglitinides

A

stimulated short lived insulin release

204
Q

SE of meglitinides

A
  • hypoglycemia
  • wt gain
205
Q

MOA of metformin

A

decrease liver glucose production and increase liver sensitivity

206
Q

SE of metformin

A
  • wt loss
  • decrease LDL increase HDL
  • GI
    -Lactic acid
207
Q

glitazone

A

thiazolidediones

208
Q

MOA of thiazolidediones

A

enhance glucose metabolism through PPAR Y opening GLUT 4

209
Q

SE of thiazolidediones

A
  • wt gain
  • fuild retention/edema
  • risk of fx
210
Q

acarbose

A

alpha glucosidase inhibitor

211
Q

miglitol

A

alpha glucosidase inhibitor

212
Q

MOA of alpha glucosidase inhibitor

A

delays absorption of glucose from the small intestine

213
Q

SE of alpha glucosidase inhibitor

A
  • futulence
  • diarrhea
  • abdominal pain
214
Q

gliptin

A

DPP 4 inhibitor

215
Q

MOA of DPP 4 inhibitor

A

provent the breakdown of GLP1 thus increasing insulin secreation from the pancreas and decreasing glucose output from muscle, adipose and liver

216
Q

SE of DPP 4 inhibitor

A
  • nasopharyngitis (UR tract)
  • headache
  • pancreatitis
217
Q

E, L, S -tide

A

GLP-1 analogs

218
Q

MOA of GLP-1 analogs

A

increase glucose dependent insulin secretion and decrease glucose output

219
Q

SE of GLP-1 analogs

A
  • GI issues
  • injection site reaction
  • pancreatitis
220
Q

gliflozin

A

Sodium-glucose transporter inhibitor (SGLT-2)

221
Q

MOA of Sodium-glucose transporter inhibitor (SGLT-2)

A

decrease glucose reabsorption in kidney

222
Q

SE of Sodium-glucose transporter inhibitor (SGLT-2)

A
  • genital yeast infection
  • UTI
  • bone FX
  • ketoacidosis
223
Q

drugs for ashma

A

1) beta 2 agonists
2) anticholinergic (bromide bros)
3) steriods
4) theophylline
5) mast inhibitors
6) leukotrine medifiers

224
Q

leukotrine receptor agonists

225
Q

5-lipozygenase inhibitor

226
Q

MOA of leukotrine modifiers

A

block leukotriene receptors or inhibit enzyme 5 lipozygenase thus decreasing inflammation

227
Q

SABA

A

albuterol and levalbuterols

228
Q

LABA

A

salmeterol and formoterol

229
Q

MOA of mass cells

A

decrease inflammation

230
Q

omalizumab

A

monoclonal antibody for ashma

231
Q

classes of drugs for COPD

A

1) anticholinergic and beta agonists
2) steroids
3) phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors

232
Q

roflumilast

A

phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitor

233
Q

SE of roflumilast

A
  • wt loss
  • diarrhea
  • nausea
  • headache
  • insomnia
234
Q

Classes of drugs for PD

A

1) dopamine agonist
2) dopamine precursor
3) MAO inhibitors
4) COMT inhibitors

235
Q

pramipexole

A

dopamine agonist D3

236
Q

Ropinirole

A

dopamine agonist D2

237
Q

rotigotone

A

dopamine agonist D2

238
Q

SE of dopamine agonist

A
  • sedation
  • hallucinations
  • nausea
  • orthostatic hypo
  • dyskinesias
239
Q

MOA of carbidopa

A

block DDC in the GI

240
Q

SE of sinement

A
  • GI issues
  • nausea
  • anorexia
  • hypotension
  • psychotropic
  • dyskinesias
241
Q

MOA inhibitor for PD

A

-giline and safinamide

242
Q

MOA of monoamine oxidase inhibitor (PD)

A

prevent dopamine breakdown in the brain

243
Q

SE of monoamine oxidase inhibitor (PD)

A
  • seratonin syndrome
  • increases the effects of levodopa
244
Q

-capone

A

COMT inhibitor

245
Q

MOA of COMT inhibitor

A

inhibit catechol-o-methyl transferase in the periphery and the brain

246
Q

SE of COMT inhibitor

A
  • increase levodopa toxicity
  • dyskinesias
  • confusion
  • acute liver failure
247
Q

drugs for MS exasterbation

A

ACTH and steriords

248
Q

injectable MS modifying disease progression drugs

A

internon beta 1a and 1b
glatiramer acetate

249
Q

fingolimod

A

MS modifying disease progression drugs oral

250
Q

diamethyl fumarate

A

MS modifying disease progression drugs oral

251
Q

mitozantrone

A

MS modifying disease progression drugs infused

252
Q

ocrelizumab

A

MS modifying disease progression drugs infused primary progressive

253
Q

natalizumab

A

MS modifying disease progression drugs infused

254
Q

common side effects of MS drugs

A
  • muscle weakness
  • fatigue
  • dizziness
  • heat sensitivity
  • decline in cognitive function
  • dizziness
255
Q

MS fatigue

A

Amantadine and methylphenidate

256
Q

MS spasticity

A

baclofen, dantrolene, tizanidine

257
Q

MS bladder

A

oxybutynin and prazosin

258
Q

MS sensory

A

gaba pentin and pregabalin

259
Q

MS ambulation

A

dalfampride

260
Q

MOA of dalfampride

A

k channel blocker

261
Q

SE of dalf

A

UTI, back pain, and sesurzes

262
Q

classes of drugs for sedative hypnotic and anti-anxiety

A

1) benzodiapine
2) non benzodiapines (Z, meletonin, orexin)
3) atypical anti anxiety

263
Q

lam and pam

A

suffixes for benzodiapine

264
Q

MOA of benzodiapine

A

enhance gaba a thus allowing more Cl- to enter the cell to hyperpilarize thus decreasing cell excitability

265
Q

affects of benzodiapine

A
  • decrease anxiety
  • induce sleep
  • anticonvulsant effect
  • reduction of muscle tone and coordination
  • effects on respiration
  • CVS effects
266
Q

SE of benzodiapine

A
  • hangover
  • motor impairment
  • rebound insomnia
  • confusion
  • potentates CNS effect with ethanol
267
Q

antidoate for benzodiapine

A

flumazenil

268
Q

zol,zal, and Esz

269
Q

MOA of Z drugs

A

bind to gaba in the brain

270
Q

SE of Z drugs

A
  • GI
  • headache
  • dizziness
271
Q

-melteon

A

suffix for melatonin receptor agonist

272
Q

SE of melatonin receptor agonist

A

headache, dizziness, nightmares, somnolence, hepatotoxicity (tasi)

273
Q

-orexant

A

orexin receptor antagonists

274
Q

MOA of orexin receptor antagonists

A

block orexin receptors 1 and 2

275
Q

SE of orexin receptor antagonists

A

somnolence

276
Q

atypical antianxiety drugs

A
  • buspirone
  • SSRI
  • SNRI
  • TCAs
277
Q

MOA of buspirone

A

agonist for serotonin 5-HT1A receptors

278
Q

drugs for mild to mod AD

A

Don, Riv and the Gals

279
Q

MOA of don riv and the gals

A

increase ACH by blocking ecetylcholinesterase

280
Q

drug for severe AD

281
Q

MOA of mematine

A

NMDA receptor antagonist preventing Ca excitotoxicity

282
Q

SE of mematine

A
  • headache
  • consipation
  • dizziness
  • confusion/hallucinations
283
Q

aducanumab

A

amyloid beta directed antibody for AD

284
Q

Anti depression drug classes

A

1) SSRI
2) SNRI
3) NDRI
4) TCA
5) Moa inhibitors

285
Q

SSRI drugs

A

-lopram, fluoxetine, sertraline

286
Q

MOA of SSRI drugs

A

inhibit 5-HT

287
Q

SE of SSRI

A

sexual
somnolence
insomnia
headache
hyponatremia

288
Q

SNRI drugs

A

-lafax and -oxetine

289
Q

MOA of SNRI drugs

A

inhibit seretonin and NE transporters

290
Q

SE of SNRI

A
  • sexual
  • somnolene
  • insomnia
  • headache
  • hypoatremia
  • increased HR
  • dry mouth
291
Q

Bupropion

292
Q

MOA of bupropion

A

inhibit the reuptake of NE and dopamine

293
Q

SE of bupropion

A
  • insomnia
  • tremors
  • seizures
  • wt loss
294
Q

Tricyclic antidepressent suffix

A

-triptyline

295
Q

MOA of TCAs

A

inhibit NR and serotonin uptake

296
Q

SE of TCA

A
  • QT prolongation
  • orthostatic hypo
  • anticholinergic effect
  • vivid dreams
  • wt gain
297
Q

moclobemide

A

MAO inhibitor for anti depression

298
Q

phenelzine

A

MAO inhibitor for anti depression

299
Q

MOA of MAO inhibitor for anti depression

A

inhibiton of MAO and RIMA

300
Q

SE of MAO inhibitor for anti depression

A
  • sedation
  • orthostatic hypotension
  • sexual
  • hypertensive crisis
301
Q

food to avoid with MAO inhibitor for anti depression

302
Q

braxanolone

A

drug for post partum depression

303
Q

MOA of brazanolone

A

modulate GABA a receptors to increase 5HT and NE transmittion

304
Q

SE of brazanolone

A
  • headache
  • somnolence
  • dizziness
305
Q

manic bipolar drugs

A

lithium and divalproex

306
Q

Long term SE of manic bipolar drugs

A
  • hypothyroidism
  • cardiac effects
  • wt gain
  • leukocytosis
  • dermatological effects
307
Q

depressive bipolar drugs

A

lithium Aripipi, que ris (the) lam

308
Q

Dronabinol

A

FDA approved cannabinoid to stimulate appetite and minigate N/V in aids and cancer pts

309
Q

nabilon

A

FDA approved cannabinoid for N/V chemo specific

310
Q

cannabidol

A

FDA approved cannabinoid for epilepsy

Pharmacology (24 decks)

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