Family and Social Policy - 2.8 Flashcards
Social Policy
> Plans/actions of state e.g. laws 4 marriage/divorce directly affect family
> Complusory skl indirectly affects families e.g. keeps kids dependent 4 longer
Cross-Cultural Examples of State Polices
> China’s 1 Child Policy
Communist Romania
Nazi Family Policy
China’s 1 Child Policy - Cross-Cultural Examples of State Polices
> Pop control policy discouraged ppl having 1+ kids e.g. F need permission for pregnancy
> If conform get benefits e.g. childcare & + tax benefits
> But no compliance = fines
Communist Romania - Cross-Cultural Examples of State Polices
> Made policies 2 + BR, - as living standards -, stopped contraception & abortion
> Lowering age of marriage 2 15, divorce harder
Nazi Family Policy - Cross-Cultural Examples of State Polices
> Encourage healthy & racially pure 2 breed master race stopped abortion/contraception
> Sterilised disabled people later murdered in contraception camps.
Perspectives on Families & Social Policy (KS)
> Flecther (Functionalist view on Social Policy)
> Donzelot (Policing the Family)
Condry (Policing the Family)
> Almond (NR on Policies undermining NF)
Murray (NR, Welfare Policy & Dependency Culture, Solutions)
> Hayton (Modernist & Traditional Division & Policies vs NR) (Collation Gov 2010-15)
> Land (Feminism & Social Policy)
Leonard (Feminism & State Policies)
> Drew (Gender Regimes, EU)
Fletcher’s view on Social Policy (Functionalist)
> Policies improving family life, welfare state, help families caring 4 members better e.g. NHS etc.
Marxist & Feminist (Criticisms of Functionalism)
> Only benefits M @ expense of F
> Policies reduce progress e.g. cutting welfare benefits
Donzelot (Policing the Family)
> Conflict view policies are state control > family, form of surveillance widespread in society
> Doctors/Social Workers surveil family, turning them into cases
> WC + surveilled as their cause of ASBO & Crime.
Condry (Policing the Family)
> State control family through parenting orders by courts.
> Parents of young offenders forced 2 goto parent classes - learning how 2 bring up kid
A03 Perspectives on Families & Social Policy (KS)
> Marxist & Feminist (Criticisms of Functionalism Policing Family)
> Functionalist (Criticisms of NR)
Feminists (Criticisms of NR)
Abbott & Wallace (Criticisms of NR)
Marxist & Feminist (Criticisms of Policing of Family)
> Work in interests of UC
> M benefit
Almond (NR on Policies undermining NF)
> Divorce easier undermines marriage & + rights 4 cohabitants e.g. adoption
> LGBT marriage, shows state don’t see heterosexual is better
> Tax discriminates vs NF paying + tax > DEF
Murray (NR view on Welfare Policy & Dependency Culture, Solutions)
> Encourage LPF removes work ethic in M encourages dads 2 abandon family
> Solution 2 cut benefits = + incentive 2 wrk M, stop council 4 teen moms
> & tax favour married > cohabiting
Feminists - AO3 of NR view on Policy
> Justifies patriarchy subordinates F, restricts them 2 housewives role.
> Patriarchal NF is SC
Abbott & Wallace - AO3 of NR view on Policy
> Cuts benefit so WC poorer + reliant.
Conservative Gov (1979-97) - Gov Policies in Favour of NR
> Stopped promotion of LGBT & set up child support so M + responsible
Conservative Gov (1979-97) - Gov Policies in against NR
> Divorce easier, illegit kids = rights 2 married couples.
New Labour Gov (97-10) - Gov Policies against NR
> Favoured DEF > traditional NF & made civil partnerships for SSC
> Redistributing income 2 poor w/ + benefits lift kids out poverty
New Labour (97-10) Policies in favour of DEF
>
- maternity leave
Right to have time of work for family reasons
Tax relief on childcare costs.
Hayton (Modernist & Traditional Division & Policies vs NR) (Collation Gov 2010-15)
> M recognise FD, need 4 reflection in policies, but T w/ NR view reject it
> Introduced gay marriage opposed by T, influence weakened by Lib Dem coalition
> No policy support NR view
Land (Feminism on Social Policy)
> Assumes NF w/ TDDOL norm, creates SFP
> e.g. Maternity leave longer > paternity, reinforces F responsibility 4 childcare = subordinate 2 dom role
Feminists view on Areas of Policy supporting NF
> Tax & Benefit Policy
> Childcare & Care for OAP
Tax & Benefit Policy - Feminists view on Areas of Policy supporting NF
> Assume M breadwinners w/ F as dependent, so can’t have social security benefits, as M expected 2 provide.
Childcare & Care for OAP - Feminists view on Areas of Policy supporting NF
> Skl run, F can’t wrk FT w/ $$$. childcare, gov still assumes family cares 4 OAP
> F forced 2 do it stay @ home so dependent on M
Leonard’s (Feminist view on State Policies)
> Child benefits given to F, gives separate income reinforces childcare responsibility
> & low anyway, so still dependent on M
Evaluation of Feminist View on Policies
> Not all policies maintain patriarchy e.g.
> Equal Pay & Sex Discrimination
Rape in marriage Criminalised
Drew’s (2 Gender Regimes)
> Familistic Gender Regimes
> Individualistic Gender Regimes
Diff v FGR & IGR
> Policies assume TDDOL w/M breadwinner & F housewife e.g. Greece no childcare so F do TR (FGR)
> See M&F = responsible 4 breadwinning/dom tasks e.g. Sweden w/Childcare so F can wrk
Drew’s (Gender Regimes in EU)
> EU move towards IGR, promoting gender =
> Global recession 2008 & cuts on spending, so + pressure on F to stay in FGR
Trends towards Neo-Liberal Welfare policies (State vs. Market)
> Individuals encouraged to use market, not state 2 meet needs
e.g. private pension provision & care for old
Gov Policies in Favour of NR
> Conservative Gov (1979-97)
Gov Policies in against NR
> Conservative Gov (1979-97)
Coalition Gov (2010-15)
New Labour (97-2010)
Coalition Gov Policies vs NR
> No policies supporting their view suffered w/+ tax & benefits
