External Antiparasitics 2 Flashcards
Whatexternal antoparasitic is not normally used in large animals?
Synthetic pyrethrins
What are two general characteristics of synthetic pyrethrins
Greater potency than natural pyrethrins
Decompose more slowly when exposed to air or sunlight
What do Organophosphates and carbamates do?
Bonds and inactivate acetylcholinesterase (AchE)
What is also used as insecticides on crops?
Organophosphates and carbomates
What drug should not be used with Organophosphates and carbamates?
Tetrahydropyrimididines
What are the symptoms of Organophosphates and caramate toxicity? SLUDDE+5
Salivation Lacrimation Urination Diarrhea Defecation Vomiting
Miosis Bradycardia Muscle tremor Weakness Paralysis
What is the antidote for organophosphate and carbamate toxicity?
Anticholinergics (atropine/glycopyrolate)
What are three general characteristics of Organophosphates and carbamates?
Conmonly used on plants and animals
Not as toxic as chlorinated hydrocarbons
Toxicity possible
Is it ok to use multiple Organophosphates at the same time?
Yes, use caution
Why should you where gloves with Organophosphates and carbomates?
Because it is absorbed through the skin
What can only be used to treat Organophosphates toxicity?
Pralidoxime (2 Pam)
What are three types of cattle that should not have Organophosphates or carbomates?
Charolais, Simmental, Brahman
What type of dog should not have Organophosphates or carbomates
Sight hounds
What are chlorinated hydrocarbons used for?
Animals and plants
What Are two examples of chlorinated hydrocarbons?
Lindane And methoxychlor
Why was DDT banned?
Decreased bird populations
Why are some chlorinated products still being used today?
Currently used products don’t persist in the body fat and low doses are used
What is a general charactoristic of chlorinated hydrocarbons?
Kill most insects found on plants and animals
What animals can chlorinated hydrocarbons not be used on? 3
Puppies or kittens < 3 months
Lactating animals
What is Anitra’s used for?
Treat dogs with demodectic mange
What is the side effects of Anitra’s?
Sedation and I coordination lasting for 3 days
What do insect growth regulators do?
Designed to impair normal development of immature insects resulting in death
Do insect growth regulators kill adult insects?
No
What are two examples or insect growth regulators?
Methoprene and lufenuron
How is methoprene administered to animals?
Applied to skin via spray or collar
What does methoprene do?
Causes adult fleas to produce larva that do not mature
How is lufenuron administered?
Orally for dogs/ cats
Injectable for cats
What does lufenuron do?
Interferes with flea egg formation and development of the flea larva exoskeleton.
What is an example of a 1st gen synthetic pyrethroid?
Allethrin
What are two examples of 2nd gen synthetic pyrethroids?
Resemethrin and tetramethrin
What are two examples 3rd generation synthetic pyrethroids?
Fenvalerate and permethrin
