Antinematodals/beginning msc Flashcards
Antiparasitics constitute what?
The largest groups of chemical agents used in vet Ned
What are antiparasitics?
Drugs that kill or inhibit internal parasites or external
What are four things to base your choice of antoparasitic on?
Susceptibility or parasite
Toxicity to animal
Price
Ease of application
What does anthemic mean?
Drugs used to kill helminth parasites or internal parasites
What are two examples of tetrahydropyrimidines?
Pyrantel and morantel
What do tetrahydropyrimidines do to parasites?
Kill parasites by interfering with their CNS
What will tetrahydropyrimidines kill in horses? 3
Ascarids, strongyles, pinworms
What will tetrahydropyrimidines kill in cattle?
Strongyles
What will tetrahydropyrimidines kill in dogs and cats?
Ascarids and hookworms
What antoparasitic should you be cautious about when using tetrahydropyrimidines?
Organophosphates
What should you do with liquid forms of purantel?
Shake and mix thoroughly
What antinematodal is used in most species?
Tetrahydropyrimidines
What are six examples of benzimidazoles?
Fenbendazole, me bendable, thiabendaziole, ocibendazole, albendazole, oz fenbendazole
What happens to febantel in the liver?
It is metabolized to fenbendazole and oxfenbendazole
What do benzimidazoles do to nematodes?
Kill them by interfering with their energy metabolism
What do benzimidazoles do in horses? 3
Strongyles, pinworms, and Ascarids
What do benzimidazoles do to cattle? 4
Kill Ascarids, pinworms, strongyles, and other stomach worms
What does albendazole effect in attle?
Liver flukes
What does fenbendazole effect in cattle?
Lungworms
What do benzimidazoles effect in dogs and cats? 4
Ascarids, hookworms, whipworms, tapeworms
What tapeworm is benzimidazoles effective against and not against?
No dipylidium, yes to taenia
What are two side effects of benzimidazoles?
Vomiting, diarrhea,
What benzimidazoles can be toxic to the liver?
Mebendazole
What are three examples of piperazines?
Piperazines dihydrochloride, piperazines citrate, diethylcarbamazine citrate
What do piperazines do to nematodes?
Paralyze the worms
What types of nematodes are piperazines effective against?
Ascarids in dogs and cats
What antinematodal must be given ones a day as a heart worm preventative?
Piperazines
What antinematodal can you buy OTC?
Piperazines
What are four examples of avermectins?
Ivermectin, moxidectin, doramectin, selamectin
What do avermectins do to nematodes?
Kill them by interfering with their CNS
What antinematodal is mostly used in large animals? 2
Avermectins and levamisole
What do avermectins kill in horses? 4
Bots, Ascarids, strongyles, pinworms
What do avermectins kill in cattle? 2
Strongyles and lungworms
What do avermectins kill in dogs?
Microfilaria stage of heartworm
What does avermectins kill in cats? 5
Ascarids and hookworms fleas and mites
What breed has a problem with ivermectin?
Collies
What are four toxic signs of ivermectin in collies?
Dilated pupils, ataxia, tremors, depression
Why do cattle and horses have reCtions to ivermectin?
Body’s inflammatory reaction to dead parasites
What are three examples of Organophosphates?
Dichlorvos, trichlorfom, coumaphos
What do Organophosphates do to parasites?
Kill them by interfering with their CNS
What do Organophosphates effect in horses?
Not worms
What type of parasite do Organophosphates mostly attack?
External
What do Organophosphates effect in dogs? 3
Ascarids, hookworms, whipworms
What are two examples of levamisole?
Levasole and tramisol
What does levamisole do to parasites?
Effects the CNS
How are levamisole a administered?
Oral or injection
What antoparasitic is an immuno stimulant?
Levamisole
What does levamisole effect in horses? 2
Ascarids and strongyles
What does levamisole effect in cattle?
Strongyles and lungworms
What does levamisole effect in dogs and cats?
Lungworms
What are two adulticides?
Thiaventarsimide and melatsomine
What adulticide is IV, can cause sloughing, liver and kidney problems? And vomit?
Thiacetatsamide
What adulticide is less toxic, preferred for adult heartworms, IM, and is done in 2 doses?
Melarsamine
What are five microfilariacides/preventatives?
Diethylcarbamazine, ivermectin, millbrmycin oxime, selamectin, moxidectin
What types of worms does milbemycin oxime attack? 3
Ascarids, whipworms, hookworms
