Exam practice (paper 2)

Question 1

PE triangle

Answer 1

Sport - playing against other schools, netball fixture

Education - the structure and developing of planned teaching lessons that is built into the national curriculum

Recreation - Playing/participating in sport in your own free time

Has three different factors as listed above ^ need to give examples and describe them if asked a question

Question 2

Similarities between Physical recreation vs sport

Answer 2

Competition
Both getting involved
Increase participation
Increased performances

Question 3

Notes on the world class performance programs

Answer 3

Help to maximise high quality coaching
Main idea is to increase the chance of more medals at the Olympics and Paralympics
Also supplies sports science education and medical support
Funding from the UK lottery funding and then they dish it out

Three distinguished stages
Talent - coaches given funding to help develop the performer.

Podium potential - Athletes who have a chance of winning something in 8 years

Podium - Athletes who have a high chance of winning in 4 years (highest level of funding

Question 4

What is the gold events series

Answer 4

A list of different places that could host potential future olympic and Paralympic Games

Country was given en funding to do so

The list of hosts would be in relation to UK sports main philosophies

Aim to bring a minimum of 100 internationals (made initiative to come into the UK)

Made to bring the most popular sports in

Increase tourism - flight and hotels increase

Putting together bids to bring more exposure - Increase facilities for other people (West Ham Olympic stadium)

Benefit sports in the longer run

Question 5

Outline key points of Talent ID and Development

Answer 5

Athletes participating in potential physical testing for them to be recognised as if they are potential contenders for winning medals

Also scouting - Selecting and identifying the best talents

By recognising them earlier it means a greater length they will have with high quality coaches

High quality coaching
High quality facilities
Funding for equipment such as hockey sticks, football boots.
Number of different stages of testing and performance measures - Best athletes go to the next level
Might get persuaded to change sport

Question 6

Points for national governing bodies

Answer 6

Organising fixtures
organising Potential future events
Supply people with the best facilities
Scouting is also a factor
World class coaching

Produce a whole sport plan to increase participation in the sport - Every national governing body will have to do this

Question 7

Points for national institute of sport

Answer 7

Helps with medicine and supplementation to maximise performers performance

Also educating people on illegal performance enhancing drugs

Sport England Sport Scotland, sport Wales, sport Northern island etc

Provide sports science information and education - All specialists

Podium potentials

Question 8

Points for UK Sport

Answer 8

Receive funding from the national uk lottery

Help to split where the best way the money should go i.e development

Main idea is to bring more olympic and paraolymoic medals to the country

Work alongside the government

Encouraging greater morals and participation rates - getting morals across to the whole models

Question 9

Name three illegal supplements used in sport

Answer 9

beta blockers
Anabolic steroids
EPO
Blood doping

Question 10

Social and psychological reasons why an elite performer may use illegal drugs or doping methods

Answer 10

Social -
Body image
To fit in
Make it easier
Financial gain, Greater rewards

Psychological -
Pressure (beta blockers)
Peer pressure by coaches

If they have had previous success
Maintain success
Improve performance
Belief that some athletes may feel other people are doing it anyway so why shouldn’t they

Make them believe they have the edge
Change the way people act
Steroids make people aggressive

Question 11

Identity ways that UK Anti-Doping and WADA are attempting to prevent doping in sport

Answer 11

Educating people on the side effects

Giving long term bans

Giving financial penalties

Been given funding to detect drug cheats - consist testing of other people (means less people will try)

Increase frequency of testing

Question 12

Describe how education can be used to stop the use of illegal drugs in sport/

Answer 12

One way education can be used is by noting the potential side effects on your body in the future. Therefore, although they may see short term gain if they are not caught the long term punishment on their body could cause serious problems. Another way is by educating younger generations on what is acceptable and what isn’t. Due to their being a lot of supplements for sale now a days there are key organisations to help prevent the accidental taking of supplements. Known as informed sport.

Understanding of the consequences - fines/bans

Different campaigns in schools

Question 13

Suggest some possible causes of sports performers demonstrating aggressive behaviour

Answer 13

Aggressive ques

The scenario - team may be losing in the later stages of the game

Officials may be inconsistent causing the player to release anger on the opposition

May be receiving abuse from the fans/spectators

Could be an important game

Local derby can lead to violent behaviour
Blocked from achieving a goal
May be learnt from coaches - think it is acceptable
History between players
Social media

Question 14

Name the consequences of violent behaviour to the performer in the sport?

Answer 14

Long term bans

Financial penalty

Suspension from the club - potential loss of contract

Personal image is damaged

If it is intentional then opposition team may press charges

Sponsorships may be terminated

Injuries could occur - hinder people from ever playing again

Question 15

Describe the reasons why spectators in sport can exhibit aggressive behaviour?

Answer 15

May have a bet on

Frustration towards the players

Frustration towards the officials - Referee may have made a poor decision

Opposition fans may be winding each other up

Social media build up to the game

Big Derbys - Rangers vs Celtic = Religion

Alcohol could lead to people making poor decisions

If watching violent sports they may copy similar behaviour patterns

MOB mentality

Question 16

Outline the implications of violent behaviour for spectators and for the sport?

Answer 16

Spectators -
Long term bans
Punishment - i.e community work for the club
Financial punishment
Stripped of things such as season tickets
Bad reputation

Sport -
Bad reputation of the sport
Football vs Rugby - Level of respect
Less viewers
Less money in the sport
Less sponsorships
Violent sport may shadow potential role models

Question 17

Examples of positive and negative deviance

Answer 17

Positive -
Train so hard that it leads to an injury - 1500m runner not resting between training sessions

Rugby player may play through an injury which makes it worse but so there team can get through to the final

Negative -
A footballer may hand ball the ball on purpose resulting in a goal which has put his team 1-0 up.

An individual may spot fine themselves - i.e purposefully getting a yellow card to gain money

Taking performance enhancing drugs

Basic cheating

Question 18

How may players and spectators can be punished using sport legislation should they display deviant or unwanted behaviour

Answer 18

Bans

Financial penalty

Sponsorship loss

Legal action - prison sentence or community service

Question 19

Anabolic steroids

Answer 19

Increase

Strength and power

Decrease recovery time - Train for longer and recover quicker

Negative -
Make you angry
Excessive hair growth
Severe acne
Could least to liver failure
Heart problems

Question 20

Beta blockers

Answer 20

Could stop your heart from beating - can’t get the right amount of blood around the body

fatality

Question 21

EPO what is it and what does it do?

Answer 21

Increases number of red blood cells - increase aerobic capacity
Could lead to blood clots and increase blood pressure
Blood clotting

Question 22

Describe how written press and the internet have changed to cover sport

Answer 22

Greater broadcast of sport - through social media, newspapers, magazines, “news flash notifications on phones’
Compared to back in the day it was just newspapers and word of mouth - took longer to found out information.
Press also have a lot more time with performers, managers and the individual clubs themselves to write interesting stories.

More coverage
Magazines that are specifically targeted to specific sports
Local newspapers cover local teams (non-league)

Question 23

impacts media can have on a performer

Answer 23

Positive -
Greater branding
Can get messages out very quickly
Allows them to create a relationship with the fans through things such as social media
Allows the performer to speak to a wide coverage of people
Will help to increase earnings - paid partnerships
Be a good role model to other people

Negative -
False stories - quickly spread about
Can cause a lot of stress for the performer
Increase stress in terms of private life of the performer
Increase pressure to perform well could increase risk of injury

Question 24

Impacts the media can have on the audience

Answer 24

Positive -
Can help to change viewings
Gives the audience a greater understanding of what is going on in clubs
Allows them to feel more involved
Increase viewing opportunities
High level of income (sky - TNT sport)
Experience the audience get is a lot better (replay, different camera angles)

Negative -
Can create frustration between not only the media and audience but the team and audience.
Can increase chances of things such as protests
Too many sporting adverts and interviews between games can cause the sport to not be as interesting - turn off the game.
Hinder spectators of going to the stadium

Question 25

Impacts media coverage has on individual sports

Answer 25

Positives -
Increase commercialisation (viewing)
Increase financial gain
Creates more people to wanting to take part
greater participation levels - Increase health of the nation (less stress on the NHS)

Negatives -
More money the club makes means players will be demanding higher salaries
Can cause stereotypes of certain sports (Certain sports being violent)
Teams who get higher coverage means that lower teams won’t get as much money compared to bigger clubs
Could lead to less people participating due to the stereotyping

Question 26

Golden triangle in relation to Chelsea FC

Answer 26

Golden triangle is the use of sport, media and sponsorship through a club to increase financial gain.
For example, Chelsea has a high media coverage meaning that the amount of sponsorships they receive is much greater compared to someone such as Southampton. As a result, the income generated by Chelsea means that they can afford the better and more expensive players. Likewise, the sport itself will generate greater viewings and more coverage/streaming places will pay more money to show the sports itself. For example, sky and TNT Sports.

Better facilities

Question 27

Impact media has on referees.

Answer 27

Serotyping - good ref/bad ref
Greater financial gain
Increase sponsorships
Potentially greater power
Might mean they have a greater chance of referring the ‘‘bigger games’’
Could be seen as good role models for others

Negatives - could get to their head - try steal the show
Under a lot of pressure
Slow motion technology can hinder the referee if they make a lot of mistakes

Question 28

Variables modern - tracking devices can track

Answer 28

Distance covered
high speed runs
Calories burnt
Accelerations
Deceleration’s
The amount of high speed distance covered
The physical load on the performer
Sleeping patterns
Heart rate

Question 29

Explain how development of facilities and equipment impacted participation and performance of elderly and disabled

Answer 29

Facilities-
Increase participation
Better facilities
Greater variety of facilities - more available.
Multi-purpose gyms

Equipment -
More specialised equipment - wheelchairs prospective legs and limbs
Can be very expensive
Can increase motivation/trust
Heart rate monitors for elderly - monitor their exercise levels

Question 30

Five functions modern technology and sports analytics

Answer 30

Increase participation
Help improve performance
Track individual data such as heart rate/distance covered
Create better understanding of the sports through watching back previous performance
Helps to identify talent ID process/sports scouting
Help prevent injuries
Fitness monitoring

Question 31

Explain how modern form of association football can match the concept of sport

Answer 31

Organised
Competitive
Consistently played with high participation levels
National governing bodies with rules and regulations
Highly strutted with officials
Trying to win the game
Has tactics and strategy

Question 32

How the structure of the world class performance pathway supports the development of elite athletes.

Answer 32

High quality coaching
Access to elite facilities
Education about sports science - drugs and testing
Consistent testing to show areas the individuals are strong at but also where they need to work on.
Talent ID process
World class podium potential - 8 years
World class podium - 4 years

Question 33

What is the role and purpose of national instate of sport

Answer 33

Provide clear education in relation to sports science
Drug testing - what is legal and what isn’t
Also to do with keeping the athletes fit - physio
Work with a number of different teams
This is so we get elite athletes so we will win more medals In the olympics (medal count)

Question 34

What are the characteristics of an effective talent ID program

Answer 34

Find reliable test results
Allows us to find the best athletes for a variety of sports
As a variety of different tests will be completed even if the individual has not got the best scores in their required sport but good scores in another sport they will then give them the license and ability to go and get involved with that one.
Baseline data
equal opportunities testing different age groups
Also talent and ID to get players in to do the tests.

Question 35

Explain the terms sportsmanship and outline how it is encouraged and maintained at the highest level of sport

Answer 35

Sportsmanship is the respect and ettiequte between not only teammates but opposition as well.

It is maintained through a list of strict rules and regulations
Fines
Sanctions such as yellow and red cards in football if rules are not met

Unwritten rules that people should follow
Olympic oath

Question 36

Why have they allowed professional athletes to compere at the Olympic Games in recent years to compete against amateurs

Answer 36

More entertaining for the audience
Increases competition which makes the level harder
Means they will receive more money (Olympic committee)
greater viewing
More places will stream/cast the games

NO PRIZE MONEY IN OLYMPICS HOWEVER THEY DO GET SPONSORSHIPS

Question 36

Evaluate the effectiveness of technology as a deterrent for deviant behaviour

Answer 36

Can cause controversy between teams (VAR)
means more athletes are getting caught and punished for gamesmanship behaviour.
Aimed to boost rules and regulations

Less chance of taking performance enhancing drugs - more technology to detect PED’s

CCTV to stop people from deviant behaviour (racism and stereotypes)
Can increase participation

Question 36

Reasons why elite athletes will resort to taking illegal performance enhancing drugs ?

Answer 36

Pressure from coaches
Pressure on themselves
Lack of good recent performances
Poor confidence levels/low self esteem
Try to level the playing field - may see someone else do it
Winning margins would slander - more chance of them winning

Question 37

describe the physiological reason why a performer may use anabolic steroids

Answer 37

Increase muscle mass
Increase weight lifting (amount of weight)
Increase muscle repair rate
Reduce fat
Train for longer at a higher intensity

Question 38

state how the law can protect elite performers

Answer 38

Coaches now have a certain duty of care meaning they have to do certain things for the players
Increase rules and regulations so less interactions with fans due to more chance of fines
Bosman ruling - contract
Sponsorship and commercial deals so more protection
Privacy laws for media
Protection from racism and sexism
Health and safety