Exam 2 lec 7 SENSATION & PERCEPTION

Question 1

Feature detectors:

Answer 1

nerve cells in the brains visual cortex that respond to specific features of the stimulus, such as shape, angle, or movement.

Question 2

Ventral stream is what pathway:

Answer 2

Recognition and discrimination of visual shapes and

object.

Question 3

Dorsal Stream is where pathway:

Answer 3

Visually guided reaching and grasping based on the
moment-to-moment analysis.
where objects are and how to interact with them.

Question 4

Gestalt principles

Answer 4

An organized whole. Emphasized our tendency to integrate pieces of information into meaningful wholes. As we look straight, we can’t separate the perceived scene into our left and right fields of view. It a seamless scene, an integrated whole.

Question 5

Grouping:

Answer 5

organize stimuli into coherent groups

Question 6

Figure ground:

Answer 6

Separating faces from background. As we hear voices at a party the one you attend most becomes the figure all other are part of the ground.

Question 7

Proximity and closure:

Answer 7

thanks to proximity we group nearby figures together. Using closure, we fill in the gaps to create a complete whole object

Question 8

Depth perception:

Answer 8

Allows us to judge distance; Eyes ability to judge the distance between tow objects.

Question 9

Binocular cues:

Answer 9

a depth cue, such as retinal disparity that depends on the use of two eyes. Judge the distance of nearby objects.

Question 10

Retinal disparity:

Answer 10

By comparing retinal images from the two eyes the brain computes distance. The image our left eye sees is different than our left because they are a small distance apart. The images we see using both eyes is the two pictures merged

Question 11

Monocular cues:

Answer 11

Judging the distance of an object using only one eye

Question 12

Leaner perspective:

Answer 12

as parallel line extends into the distance they appear as if they meet.

Question 13

Interposition:

Answer 13

If one object partially blocks our view of another, so we perceive it as closer.

Question 14

Relative size:

Answer 14

When viewing two congruent object the one farther away will appear smaller even though the objects are still the same size.

Question 15

Perceptual constancy:

Answer 15

perceiving objects as unchanging having consistent color, brightness, shape, and size even as illumination and retinal images change. Recognize objects without being deceived by their changes in color, brightness

Question 16

Cochlea

Answer 16

a coiled bony fluid filled tube in the inner ear, sound waves travelling through the cochlear fluid trigger nerve impulses. It has hair cells that lets us hears thanks to their extreme sensitivity and extreme speed

Question 17

Basilar membrane:

Answer 17

Changes in cochlear (in respond to sound) fluid causes the basilar membrane to ripple bending the hair cells on its surface which are the auditory receptors.

Question 18

Place theory:

Answer 18

(explains high pitched sounds only) we hear different pitches because different sound waves trigger activity at different places along the cochlea basilar membrane. The brain determines the sound pitch by recognizing the specific place on the membrane that id generating the neural signal.

Question 19

Frequency/temporal theory:

Answer 19

(how we sense low pitches) the brain reads pitch by

monitoring the frequency impulses traveling up the auditory nerve enabling us to sense its pitch.

Question 20

Hearing loss

Answer 20

cochlear implant: a device for converting sounds into electrical signals and stimulating the auditory nerve through electrodes threaded into the cochlea.

Question 21

Touch

Answer 21

aid our development

Question 22

Kinesthesia:

Answer 22

Our system of sensing the position and the movement of individual body parts.

Question 23

Pain- Types of nerve fibers

Answer 23

When you touch something painful you register pain with two types of receptors. Fast fibers register sharp fast pain (burning yourself). Slow fibers register duller pain. Ex soreness after working out.

Question 24

Gate-control theory:

Answer 24

The spinal cord contains a neurological gat that block pain signals or allows them to pass on to the brain. The gate is opened by the activity of pain signals traveling up small nerve fibers and is closed by activity in larger fibers by information coming from the brain.

Question 25

Hypnosis:

Answer 25

A social interaction in which one person suggest to another that certain perceptions feeling, thoughts r behaviors will spontaneously occur.

Question 26

Social influence theory

Answer 26

experience of effortlessness in hypnosis results from

participants motivated tendencies to interpret hypnotic suggestions

Question 27

Dissociation theory:

Answer 27

A split between different levels of consciousness, which allows some thought and behavior to occur simultaneously with others.