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Pharmacology II > Drugs affecting the respiratory System > Flashcards

Drugs affecting the respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

beclomethasone

A

inhaled corticosteroids

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2
Q

budesomide

A

inhaled corticosteroids

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3
Q

ciclesonide

A

inhaled corticosteroids

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4
Q

flunisolide

A

inhaled corticosteroids

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5
Q

fluticasone ( Flovent)

A

inhaled corticosteroids

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6
Q

mometasone

A

inhaled corticosteroids

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7
Q

cromolyn

A

mast cell stabilizer

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8
Q

montelukast ( Singulair )

A

anti-leukotriene

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9
Q

zafirlukast

A

anti-leukotriene

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10
Q

zileuton

A

anti-leukotriene

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11
Q

albuterol

A

short acting beta 2 agonist ( bronchodilator )

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12
Q

levalbuterol

A

short acting beta 2 agonist ( bronchodilator )

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13
Q

pirbuterol

A

short acting beta 2 agonist ( bronchodilator )

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14
Q

formoterol

A

long acting beta 2 agonist ( bronchodilator )

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15
Q

indacaterol

A

long acting beta 2 agonist ( bronchodilator )

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16
Q

salmeterol

A

long acting beta 2 agonist ( bronchodilator )

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17
Q

ipratropium

A

other bronchodilators

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18
Q

tiotropium

A

other bronchodilators

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19
Q

theophylline

A

other bronchodilators

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20
Q

omalizumab

A

immunoglobulin antagonists

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21
Q

codeine

A

antitussive/expectorant

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22
Q

dextromethorphan

A

antitussive/expectorant

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23
Q

benzonatate

A

antitussive/expectorant

24
Q

Guafenesin

A

antitussive/expectorant

25
Q

cetirizine ( Zyrtec)

A

antihistamine

26
Q

diphenhydramine ( Benadryl)

A

antihistamine

27
Q

fexofenadine ( Allegra)

A

antihistamine

28
Q

loratadine ( Claritin)

A

antihistamine

29
Q

these drugs are used for asthma; they have a rapid onset of action; no anti inflammatory effect;

A

beta 2 agonists

30
Q

which beta 2 selective agonist is preferred for asthma

A

albuterol

31
Q

these drugs are also used for asthma; they last at least 12 hours; slow onset of action; not used as monotherapy

A

long acting beta 2 agonist

32
Q

what is the first choice drug in patients with persistent asthma

A

inhaled corticosteroids

33
Q

these drugs decrease the inflammatory cascade; they reduce the hyperresponsiveness of airway smooth muscle after several months of regular use

A

corticosteroids

34
Q

severe asthma requires use of which drugs

A

IV methylprednisolone or oral prednisone

35
Q

this drug is an inhibitor of 5- lipooxygenase l prevents formation of leukotrienes

A

Zileuton

36
Q

these specific drugs block the effects of leukotrienes

A

zafirlukast and montelukast

37
Q

AE of these drugs: elevation of hepatic enzymes, HA, dyspepsia ( indigestion), increase warfarin levels

A

leukotriene antagonists

38
Q

this drug is a prophylactic anti inflammatory and is also a mast cell stabilizer ( blocks release of inflammatory mediators); not useful in acute attacks ; short duration of action

A

cromolyn

39
Q

these drugs are cholinergic antagonists; they block contraction of smooth muscle mediated by the vagus nerve ( block Ach receptors ); less effective than Beta 2 agonists

A

inhaled ipratropium or tiotropium

40
Q

this drug is a bronchodilator ; it increases cAMP and antagonizes adenosine receptors ; decreases symptoms of chronic asthma; “traditional therapy” narrow therapeutic window ( BAD)

A

theophylline

41
Q

this drug selectively binds to IgE; it decreases release of inflammatory mediators from mast cells and basophils ; very costly and is only for pts who don’t respond well to other tx

A

omalizumab

42
Q

this disease is a chronic irreversible obstruction of airflow

A

COPD

43
Q

which combo of drugs are used in COPD

A

albuterol and ipratropium

44
Q

which longer acting drugs require less frequent dosing in use for COPD

A

tiotropium and salmeterol

45
Q

this is inflammation of the mucous membranes of the nose

A

rhinitis

46
Q

what are the most frequently used drugs for allergic rhinitis

A

antihistamines

47
Q

SE of these drugs include sedation, dry eyes and mouth, difficulty urinating, and constipation

A

antihistamines

48
Q

this is an alpha agonist drug that is short acting; used in allergic rhinitis ; constricts dilated arterioles and reduces airway resistance; frequently combined with antihistamines

A

phenylephrine

49
Q

SE of these drugs in treating allergic rhinitis : nasal irritation, nosebleed, sore throat, candidiasis ( thrush)

A

corticosteroids

50
Q

this is a mast cell stabilizer that is useful admin. before contact with an allergen ; short duration of action; available OTC as an eye drop

A

cromolyn

51
Q

which drug is approved for treatment of seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis

A

montelukast

52
Q

which drug is the gold standard for the suppression and treatment of cough

A

codeine

53
Q

the MOA of this drug: decreases sensitivity of cough ; enters in the CNS to peripheral stimuli; decreases mucosal secretion

A

codeine

54
Q

this drug is a synthetic derivative of morphine; low addictive profile; used in the tx of cough

A

dextromethorphan

55
Q

this drug is a local anesthetic for the tx of cough; it anesthetizes the respiratory passage and pleural stretch receptors and reduces cough reflex

A

benzonatate

56
Q

this drug is a type of expectorant which is used in the tx of cough; it reduces adhesiveness and surface tension of respiratory tract secretions

A

guafinesin

57
Q

these drugs facilitate the coughing up of mucuous

A

expectorants

Pharmacology II (31 decks)

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