Diseases Conditions Procedures (Urinary) Flashcards
Cystocele
Bulging of the urinary bladder through the wall of the vagina as a result of weakening of supportive tissue between the bladder and the vagina; aka “prolapsed bladder”
[cyst/o=bladder; -cele=hernia, swelling]
Diuresis
Increased formation and secretion of urine
[di-=double; ur=urine; -esis=condition]
Dysuria
Painful or difficult urination, typically caused by a urinary tract condition, such as cystitis
[dys-=bad, painful, difficult; -uria=urine]
Edema
Abnormal accumulation of fluids in the cells, tissues, or other parts of the body that may be a sign of kidney failure or other disease
End-stage renal disease (ESRD)
Kidney disease that had advanced to the point that the kidneys can no longer adequately filter blood and eventually requires dialysis or renal transplantation for survival; aka chronic renal failure (CRF)
[ren=kidney; -al =pertaining to]
Enuresis
Involuntary discharge of urine after the age at which bladder control should be established. Aka “night-time bed-wetting” or “nocturnal enuresis”
[en-=in, within; ur=urine; -esis=condition]
Hypospadias
Abnormal congenital opening of the male urethra on the undersurface of the penis
[hyp/o=under, below, deficient; -spadials=slit, fissure]
Interstitial nephritis
Form of nephritis in which pathological changes in renal interstitial tissue result in destruction of nephrons and severe impairment in renal function
[nephr=kidney; -itis=inflammation]
Nephrolithiasis
Formation of calculus in the kidney that results when substances that are normally dissolved in the urine (such as calcium and acid salts) solidify
[nephr/o=kidney; lith=stone, calculus; -iasis= abnormal condition]
Renal hypertension
High blood pressure that results from kidney disease
[ren=kidney; -al=pertaining to; hyper-= excessive, above normal; -tension; to stretch]
Uremia
Elevated level of urea and other nitrogenous waste products in the blood; aka “azotemia”
[ur=urine; -emia=blood]
Urinary tract infection (UTI)
Infection of the kidneys, ureters, or bladder by micro organisms that either ascend from the urethra or spread to the kidney from the bloodstream
Wilms tumor
Malignant neoplasm of the kidney that occurs in young children, usually before age 5, and include common early signs such as hypertension, a palpable mass, pain, and hematuria.
Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
Laboratory test that measures the amount of urea (nitrogenous waste product) in the blood and demonstrates the kidneys’ ability to filter urea from the blood for excretion in urine
Culture & sensitivity (C&S)
Laboratory test that isolates and grows colonies of microorganisms to identify a pathogen and to determine which drugs might be effective for combating an infection