Chapter 13 Eyes And Ears

Question 1

Cornea transplantation

Answer 1

Procedure in which a damaged cornea is replaced by the cornea from the eye of a human cadaver; aka “keratoplasty”

Question 2

Glaucoma

Answer 2

Eye disease in which increased eyeball pressure caused gradual loss of sight
[glauc= gray; -oma =tumor]

Question 3

Ocular

Answer 3

Pertaining to the eye or sense of sight

[ocul=eye; -ar=pertaining to]

Question 4

Radial keratotomy

Answer 4

Surgery to correct myopia, or nearsightedness, by changing the shape of the cornea (transparent part of the eye that covers the iris and pupil)
[kerat/o=horny tissue, hard, cornea; -tomy= incision]

Question 5

Sleep apnea

Answer 5

Condition in which breathing stops for mo re than 10 seconds during sleep
[a-=without, not; -pnea= breathing]

Question 6

Ophthalmology

Answer 6

Medical specialty associated with the eyes, the organs of sight. Diagnosis and treatment of eye disorders.

Question 7

Otolaryngology

Answer 7

Medical specialty associated with the ears, the organs of hearing. Oldest medical specialty in the USA. 50 years ago, it was combined with ophthalmology where practice consisted of removing tonsils and adenoids and irrigating the sinuses and ear canals. Today it has expanded to medical and surgical management of pt with disorders of the ear, nose, and throat (ENT) and related structures of the head and neck.

Question 8

Ophthalmologist

Answer 8

Medical specialist in ophthalmology, specialize in treatment of the eyes only must be aware of other abnormalities that an eye examination may reveal. Prescribes corrective lenses and performs corrective eye surgeries including cornea transplantation, cataract removal, repair of ocular muscle dysfunction, glaucoma treatment, lens removal, and radial keratotomy.

Question 9

Optometrist and Optician

Answer 9

Specialize in providing corrective lenses for the eyes. Practitioners are not medical doctors, but licensed to examine and test the eyes and react visual defects by prescribing and filling corrective lenses.

Question 10

ENT physicians, otolaryngologists

Answer 10

Specialists who treat disorders related to the sinuses, including allergies and disorders of the sense of smell. Diagnostic techniques are used to detect the causes of symptoms such as hoarseness, hearing and breathing difficulty, and swelling around the head or neck. Also treat sleep disorders, such as sleep apnea and snoring disorders.

Question 11

Eyes

Answer 11

Receptor organs that provide vision. Provide information about what we see as well as what we learn. Constructed to detect stimuli in the environment and transmit those observation to the brain for visual interpretation.

Question 12

Ears

Answer 12

Receptor organs that enable us to hear and maintain balance. 3 divisions: External, Middle, and Inner ear. External and middle ears conduct sound waves through the ear. Inner ear contains auditory structures that receive sound waves and transmit them to the brain for interpretation. Inner ear also contains specialized receptors that maintain balance and equilibrium in response to fluctuations in body position and motion.

Question 13

Cataract

Answer 13

Opacity of the lens of the eye, usually occurring as a result of aging, trauma, metabolic disease, or the adverse effect of certain medications or chemicals