Chapter 12 Muscluoskeletal System Flashcards
Arthroplasty
Surgery to reshape, reconstruct, or replace a diseased or damaged joint
[arthr=joint; -plasty=surgical repair]
Articulate
Site of contact between two bones; aka “joint”
Contraction
Shortening or tightening of a muscle
Musculoskeletal
Pertaining to muscles and the skeleton
[muscul/o=muscle; skelet=skeleton; -al=pertaining to]
Body system associated with the medical specialties or orthopedics and chiropractic medicine
Radiography
Production of captured shadow images on photographic film through the action of ionizing the radiation passing through the body from an external source
[radi/o=radiation, x-ray, radius; -graphy=process of recording]
Synovial fluid
Lubricating fluid secreted by the synovial membrane in the joint. Lubricates the joints to minimize frictions upon motion.
Orthopedics
Branch of medicine concerned with prevention, diagnosis, care, and treatment of musculoskeletal disorders including injury to or disease of the body’s bones, joints, ligaments, muscles, and tendons.
Orthopedists
Medical, physical, and surgical methods, such as hip arthroplasty, to restore function that is lost as a result of injury or disease to the musculoskeletal system. Also coordinate treatments with other health care providers, such as physical therapists, occupational therapists, and sports medicine physicians.
Rheumatologist
Medical doctor who specializes in treatment of arthritis and other diseases of joints, muscles, and bones.
Chiropractor
Health care provider who treats musculoskeletal disorders. They are not physicians. They do not employ drugs or surgery, or the primary basis of treatment used by medical physicians.
Chiropractic medicine
System of therapy based on the theory that disease is caused by pressure on nerves. Chiropractors do employ radiography to diagnose pathological disorders and determine the most effective type of treatment. Most cases it involves physical manipulation of the spinal column.
Musculoskeletal system
Includes muscles, bones, joints, and related structures such as the tendons and connective tissue. Function to support and move body parts and organs.
Muscles function
Four primary functions: body movements, stabilizing body positions, storing and moving substances within the body, and generating heat.
Contraction of muscles
Muscles help maintain body posture, less apparent involuntary motions provided by muscles include the passage of elimination of food through the digestive system, propulsion of blood through the arteries, and contraction of the bladder to eliminate urine.
Bone function
Main function of bones: form a skeleton that supports and protects the body. Also serves as a storage area for mineral salts, especially calcium and phosphorus. Joints are the places where two bones articulate.
