Diseases and Conditions and Procedures (Respiratory) Flashcards
abnormal breathing sounds
abnormal sounds heard during inhalation or expiration, with or without a stethoscope
crackles
fine crackling or bubbling sounds, commonly heard during inspiration when there is fluid in the alveoli; also called “rales”
rhonchi
loud coarse or snoring sounds heard during inspiration or expiration; caused by obstructed airways
friction rub
dry, grating sound heard with a stethoscope during auscultation (listening for sounds within the body)
stridor
high-pitched, musical sound made on inspiration; caused by an obstruction in the trachea or larynx
wheezes
continuous high-pitched whistling sounds, usually during expiration; cased by narrowing of an airway
acidosis
excessive acidity of blood as a result of an accumulation of acids or an excessive loss of bicarbonate caused by abnormally high levels of carbon dioxide in the body
[acid=acid; -osis=abnormal condition]
acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
life-threatening build-up of fluid in the air sacs (alveoli), caused by vomit into the lungs (aspiration), inhaling chemicals, pneumonia, septic shock, or trauma, that prevents enough oxygen from passing into the bloodstream; also call adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
anosmia
absence or decrease in the sense of smell
[an-=without, not; -osmia=smell]
anoxia
total absence of oxygen in the body tissues; caused by a lack of O2 in inhaled air or by obstruction that prevents O2 from reaching the lungs
[an-=without, not; -oxia=oxygen]
asphyxia
condition of insufficient intake of oxygen as a result of chocking, toxic gases, electric shock, drugs, drowning, smoke, or trauma.
[a-=without, not; -sphyxia=pluse]
asthma
inflammatory airway disorder that results in attacks of wheezing, shortness of breath that gets worse with exercise or activity, and coughing (with or without sputum)
atelectasis
collapse of lung tissue, which prevents the respiratory exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide and is caused by various conditions including obstruction of foreign bodies, excessive secretions, or pressure on the lung from a tumor.
[atel=incomplete, imperfect; -ectasis=dilation, expansion]
bronchitis
acute or chronic inflammation of mucous membranes of the bronchial airways caused by irritation, infection, or both
[bronch=bronchus; -itis=inflammation]
coryza
acute inflammation of the nasal passages accompanied by profuse nasal discharge; aka “a cold”
croup
acute respiratory syndrome that occurs primarily in children and infants and is characterized by laryngeal obstruction and spasm, barking cough, and stridor