Diseases Conditions Procedures (Nervous) Flashcards
Dementia
Progressive, irreversible deterioration of mental function marked by memory impairment and, commonly, deficits in reasoning, judgement, abstract thought, comprehension, learning, talk execution, and use of language
Alzheimer disease
Chronic, organic brain syndrome characterized by death of neurons in the cerebral cortex and their replacement by microscopic “plaques”, which results in dementia the progresses to complete loss of mental, emotional, and physical functioning and personality changes
Epilepsy
Disorder that results from the generation of electrical signals inside the brain, causing recurring seizures in which some people simply stare blankly for a few seconds during a seizure, whereas other have extreme convulsions
Huntington chorea
Inherited, degenerative disease of the CNS with symptoms developing in middle age as nerve cells in the brain waste away, resulting in uncontrolled bizarre movements, emotional disturbances, and mental deterioration
Hydrocephalus
Excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) within the ventricles of the brain that is most common in neonates, but can also occur in adults as a result of injury or disease; if left untreated, causes an enlarged head and cognitive decline
[hydro=water; cephal=head; -us=condition, structure]
Multiple sclerosis (MS)
Progressive degenerative disease of the CNS characterized by inflammation, hardening, and looks of myelin throughout the spinal cord and brain, which produces weakness and other muscular symptoms
[scler=hardening; -osis=abnormal condition]
Neuroblastoma
Malignant tumor composed mainly of cells resembling neur oblasts that occurs most commonly in infants and children
[neur/o=nerve; blast=embryonic cell; -Oma=tumor]
Neurosis
Nonpsychotic mental illness that triggers feelings of distress and anxiety and impairs normal behavior
[neur/o=nerve; -osis=abnormal condition]
Palsy
Partial or complete loss of motor function; aka “paralysis”
Bell palsy
Facial paralysis on one side of the face as a result of inflammation of the facial nerve
Cerebral palsy
Bilateral, symmetrical, nonprogressive motor dysfunction and partial paralysis, which is usually caused by damage to the cerebrum during gestation or birth trauma but can also be hereditary
[cerebr=cerebrum; -al =pertaining to]
Paralysis
Loss of muscle function, loss of sensation, or both as a result of spinal cord injury
[para-=near, beside, beyond; -lysis=separation, destruction, loosening]
Parkinson disease
Progressive neurological disorder caused by a neurotransmitter deficiency (dopamine) that affects the portion of the brain responsible for controlling movement and results in hand tremors; uncontrollable head nodding; shuffling gait; and difficulty talking, swallowing, or completing simple tasks
Poliomyelitis
Inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord caused by a virus, commonly resulting in spinal and muscle deformity and paralysis
[poli/o=gray, gray matter (of brain or spinal cord); myel=bone marrow, spinal cord; -itis=inflammation]
Psychosis
Mental disorder marked by loss of contact with reality; often with delusions and hallucinations
[psych/o=mind; -osis=abnormal condition]