Dirty USMLE

Question 1

What will cause the pressure-volume loop to become skinny and taller

Answer 1

Increased After-load

Question 2

Which CN’s are located in the midbrain, pons, and medulla

Answer 2

Midbrain = 3, 4 Pons = 5, 6, 7, 8 Medulla = 9, 10, 11, 12

Question 3

What is a 3rd degree AV block

Answer 3

Constant P-R intervals and constant Q-Q intervals, but they fire independently of one-another

Question 4

Psych D/O = 1+ month of nightmares/flashbacks

Answer 4

PTSD

Question 5

What is injured if a light is shined in the left eye and neither eye constricts

Answer 5

Left afferent optic n.

Question 6

What do LMN lesions cause in the muscles

Answer 6

LESS contraction, tone, reflexes, and toes point down (- Babinski)

Question 7

What is the difference b/w a Wenckebach (type 1) and type 2 Mobitz AV blocks

Answer 7

Longer, Longer, Longer, drop = Wenckeback; Constant lengthening, drop = type 2

Question 8

Which CN’s are located centrally

Answer 8

3, 6, 9, 12 (divisible by 12)

Question 9

MC Tx of negative Sx’s =

Answer 9

2nd Gen Anti-psychotics (Atypicals) –> Risperidone, Clozapine

Question 10

What is the timeline difference b/w a Brief Psychotic episode, Schizophreniform, and Schizophrenia

Answer 10

< 1 month = Brief psychotic 1-6 months = Schizophreniform > 6 months = Schizophrenia

Question 11

Which type of lesion (UMN/LMN) will cause atrophy quickest

Answer 11

LMN

Question 12

Rule of 4’s for Midline Strokes =

Answer 12

Motor –> MLF (eye motor), CST (UMN motor), Medial Lemniscus (Prop/Vib), CN motor nuclei

Question 13

Rule of 4’s for Lateral Strokes =

Answer 13

Sensory –> STT (Pain/Temp), SCT (RAM), SNS chain (Dilation, sweating), CN sensory nuclei

Question 14

Psych D/O = wants friends but scared

Answer 14

Avoidant

Question 15

Withdrawal Sx’s = N/V, Cramping, Aches, Yawning

Answer 15

Opioids

Question 16

Psych D/O = cutting, splitting, dramatic, mood swings

Answer 16

Borderline

Question 17

Psych D/O = 2+ wks of psychotic syndrome then a mood component

Answer 17

Schizoaffective disorder

Question 18

Psych D/O = sociopath

Answer 18

Antisocial

Question 19

Which loop shows increased Preload, Afterload, and Contractility…

Answer 19

Red = Preload

Orange = Afterload

Purple = Contractility

Question 20

Psych D/O = 6+ months of somatic Sx’s

Answer 20

GAD

Question 21

Psych D/O = attention seeking, provocative dress

Answer 21

Histrionic

Question 22

Psych D/O = magical thinking

Answer 22

Schizotypal

Question 23

Psych D/O = < 1 month of nightmares/flashbacks

Answer 23

Acute Stress Disorder

Question 24

Psych D/O = mini depression up to 2 years

Answer 24

Dysthymia

Question 25

What do UMN lesions cause in the muscles

Answer 25

MORE contraction, tone, reflexes, and toes point up (+ Babinski)

Question 26

What will cause the pressure-volume loop to become wider and taller to the L

Answer 26

Increased Contractility

Question 27

What area of the body will a stroke in the PCA, ACA, and MCA affect

Answer 27

ACA = contra legs MCA = contra face PCA = contra vision/language

Question 28

Withdrawal Sx's = Tachy, HTN, Seizures

Answer 28

EtOH, Benzo's

Question 29

Explain the pathway of the light reflex

Answer 29

Light in via Optic n. Afferent --\> PTA/LGN --\> EWN b/l --\> Oculomotor n. --\> Ciliary ganglion --\> Oculomotor n.

Question 30

Dx of Major depressive disorder =

Answer 30

2+ wks of SIGECAPS

Question 31

Psych D/O = sudden impending doom

Answer 31

Panic disorder

Question 32

Would an increase or decrease in Pre-load, After-load, and Contractility cause an increased SV

Answer 32

Increased Pre-load Decreased After-load Increased Contractility

Question 33

MC Tx of positive Sx's =

Answer 33

1st Gen Anti-psychotics (Typicals) --\> Haloperidol

Question 34

What will cause the pressure-volume loop to become wider towards the R

Answer 34

Increased Pre-load

Question 35

Psych D/O = always in relationships

Answer 35

Dependent

Question 36

What happens to both eyes if a light is shined in the left eye

Answer 36

Both pupils constrict

Question 37

Psych D/O = prefers to be alone

Answer 37

Schizoid

Question 38

Pupil difference in Cocaine and Opioids

Answer 38

Cocaine = dilated Opioids = pin-point

Question 39

Withdrawal Sx's = Hunger, crashing

Answer 39

Cocaine

Question 40

Withdrawal Sx's = fighting, aggression

Answer 40

PCP

Question 41

What is injured if a light is shined in the left eye and the right eye doesn't constrict

Answer 41

Right efferent oculomotor n.