digestion

Question 1

what are the 4 stages of digestion

Answer 1

1. ingestion
2. digestion
3. absorption
4. egestion

Question 2

what is ingestion

Answer 2

Is the process in which organisms take food into their digestive systems

Question 3

what are the different ways organisms feed

Answer 3

1. suspension feeders
2. substate feeders
3. fluid feeders
4. bulk transport

Question 4

what are suspension feeders

Answer 4

sift small particles out of passing water

Question 5

what are substate feeders

Answer 5

live in or on their food source

Question 6

what are fluid feeders

Answer 6

suck fluids from a host

Question 7

what are bulk feeders

Answer 7

ingest large pieces of food

Question 8

what are 2 examples of organisms which are classed as suspension feeders

Answer 8

• clams
• sponges

Question 9

what are 2 examples of organisms which are classed as substrate feeders

Answer 9

• maggots
• caterpillars

Question 10

what is an example of an organism which is classed as a fluid feeder

Answer 10

• mosquito

Question 11

what is an example of an organism which is classed as a bulk feeder

Answer 11

• most animals

Question 12

what is digestion

Answer 12

The breakdown of complex organic molecules into smaller components by mechanical and chemical digestion

Question 13

what are the two types of digestion

Answer 13

• mechanical digestion
• chemical digestion

Question 14

what is mechanical digestion

Answer 14

chewing and muscular movements to physically reduce the size of the substances

Question 15

what is chemical digestion

Answer 15

enzymes break chemical bonds to reduce the substances into their simple components

Question 16

what are the first stages of mechanical digestion

Answer 16

chewing with the teeth and the tongue rolling food into a bolus.

Question 17

what are three different enzymes which take part in chemical digestion

Answer 17

pepsin + protease
lipase
amylase

Question 18

what does pepsin + protease break down and what are their products

Answer 18

break down proteins into amino acids

Question 19

what does lipase break down and what are their products

Answer 19

break down lipids into glycerol and fatty acids

Question 20

what does amylase break down and what are their products

Answer 20

break down carbohydrates into glucose

Question 21

what is absorption

Answer 21

The taking up of digested molecules into the internal environment. Substances enter the cells through diffusion and active transport.

Question 22

what is special about the small intestine which assists them during the absorption phase

Answer 22

the small intestine maintains a high SA with small finger-like projections called villi. These villi have even smaller structures called microvilli

Question 23

what is egestion

Answer 23

Is the release of waste material. For organisms with a complete alimentary canal, this generally happens through the anus.

Question 24

if organisms do not have an alimentary canal how do they egest waste

Answer 24

gastrovascular cavity

Question 25

what is a gastrovascular cavity

Answer 25

A gastrovascular cavity is a single opening in organisms. This opening allows food to enter and waste to pass out.

Question 26

what is an example of an organism that has a gastrovascular cavity

Answer 26

jellyfish

Question 27

What is the alimentary canal

Answer 27

The alimentary canal is a more specialised digestive system that spans from the mouth to the anus. Food passes through all the organs.