Animal circulatory systems Flashcards
What do mammals and birds have in common
Both mammals and birds have a
- 4 chambered heart
- double looped circulatory systems
where do these two loops exist
- One loop exists between the heart and lungs
- The other loop is between the heart and the rest of the body
What does the double-looped system do
The double loop maintains blood pressure by reducing the distance blood has to travel between each heartbeat
How to a fish’s circulatory system work
- Fish have a singled looped circulatory system.
- There heart has two chambers and pump blood to the gills and then straight through the body
- Only deoxygenated blood ever goes through the heart
How do reptiles’ circulatory system work
- Reptiles have a three-chambered heart
- They have two atria to collect blood but only one ventricle to pump blood out
- The ventricle is partially divided by a septum
Because of the reptile’s altered circulatory system, what happens
There is a mixing of deoxygenated and oxygenated blood which lowers the efficiency of diffusion
What does a four-chambered heart result in
Ensures the separation of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood, making the circulation efficient
Compare the blood pressure of fish and animals
Fish have a much lower blood pressure than that land animals, as the single looped system means that blood travel further distances
These are the circulatory systems of fish, animals and reptiles. Open or Closed.
They are closed systems as the blood stays within the blood vessels
define endothermic
Organisms capable of maintain internal heat through metabolism
define ectothermic
Organisms that depend in external sources of heat
what are examples of organisms which are endotherm
- mammals
- birds
- organisms with a four-chambered heart and double looped system
Describe endotherms in detail
Endotherms are organisms capable of maintaining internal heat through metabolism They need to have a plentiful supply of oxygen and nutrients to their cells and need waste products to be removed promptly.
Do endotherms depend on a high or low blood pressure
Rely on having high blood pressure to ensure the blood continues moving promptly around the body
What do ectotherms depend on
They depend on the environment to maintain their temperature. This means they don’t rely on metabolism to maintain their temperature as they do not have an efficient circulatory system.
