Diabetes Mellitus

Question 1

Type 1

Answer 1

Beta cell destruction, lack of insulin

Responds to insulin, treatment can be intensive: good for preventing long term effects but not recommended for young children/older adults

Question 2

Type 2

Answer 2

Beta cell dysfunction and insulin resistance

Age, obesity, family history, gestational diabetes, physical inactivity

Treat with diet and physical activity first because insulin is still being produced for a while, eventually will slow

Question 3

Gestational

Answer 3

Beta cell dysfunction and insulin resistance during pregnancy

More frequent in black, hispanic, american indians
Obese women, family history of diabetes

Requires treatments to avoid complications

Question 4

Diabetic Ketoacidosis

Answer 4

Insulin absent, ketones present

Question 5

Long term effects

Answer 5

Retinopathy, blindness, nephropathy, neuropathy, autonomic dysfunction

Increased risk of cardiovascular, peripheral vascular, and cerebrovascular disease

Question 6

Metabolic Syndrome

Answer 6

Hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, hyperinsulinemia, dyslipidemia