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Physiology > CV 4 BP > Flashcards

CV 4 BP Flashcards

1
Q

Stroke volume calc

Normal number

A

LVEDV- LVESV

70 ml

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2
Q

CO calc and normal

A

SV x HR

5 LPM

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3
Q

EF calc and normal

A

SV/LVEDV

55-70%

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4
Q

PP Calc and normal

A

SBP-DBP

40

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5
Q

MAP calc 3 ways and normal

A

CO x SVR

1/3 SBP + 2/3 DBP

DBP + 1/3PP

93

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6
Q

Factor that controls heart rate

What 2 things affected by increased HR

A

Chronotropic

CO and BP increase

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7
Q

What factor controls contractility

If it increases, what increases leading 2 two more things increasing

A

Inotropic

EF increases which leads to increased CO and BP

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8
Q

SVR leads to ___ decreasing and ___ increasing

A

CO

BP

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9
Q

CVP increase leads to ___ increase, which leads to ___ increasing, and __ and __ increasing

A

LVEDV
SV
CO and BP

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10
Q

What polycythemia and anemia do to blood

A

Poly makes it harder to push blood, more resistance

Anemia makes it easier to push blood

Both from viscosity

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11
Q

Viscosity affect which factor of blood pressure

A

Peripheral resistance

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12
Q

What happens to HR and which system controls it when BP increases and decreases

A

Increases- heart rate lowers from PNS

Decreases- heart rate increases from SNS

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13
Q

What bainbridge reflex does

A

RAP stretch, atrial receptors stimulated, heart rate increases

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14
Q

What baroreceptor reflex does

A

Increased RAP increases CO and BP. Decrease HR

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15
Q

What happens to HR when we inhale and exhale

A

Inhale goes up

Exhale goes down

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16
Q

Intrapleural pressure is always ___

While inhaling it becomes

While exhaling it becomes

A

Negative

More negative

Less negative, more positive

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17
Q

How ventilation affects intrapleural pressure

A

Open lungs with pressure, pressure will be positive

18
Q

What more pressure in intrapleural space does to heart

A

Compresses atria and increases CVP

19
Q

Increase in preload does what to SV and CO

A

Increases both

20
Q

How to increase stroke volume without contractility

A

Greater preload
More crossbridges
Optimal overlap
More crossbridges from more calcium

21
Q

What has little effect on contractility

A

PNS

22
Q

What cant be directly equated to contractility

A

Force of contraction

23
Q

What 7 things affect contractility

A 
SNS
Hormones
Failure 
Conditioning 
Ischemia 
Infarction
24
Q

What happens to CVP with SNS stim

What happens to cvp with volume loss and how it compensates

A

Increases

Decreases quickly, compensate with vasoconstriction of veins

25
Q

How arteriole can control getting blood

A

Decides for itself, releases ACE/Ang II and endothelin to vasoconstrict

26
Q

Tissue blood flow

Who gets most 2
Which vital organs get most
What doesnt get a lot at rest

A

Liver and kidney- filter blood
Heart and brain, brain gets less than heart per mass
Muscle

27
Q

3 means of local control of blood flow

A

Metabolic regulation

Autoregulation/myogenic regulation

Shear stress induced vasodilation

28
Q

Metabolic regulation of flow controls what and not what

A

Precapillary sphincter, not arteriole

29
Q

What autoregulation does

A

Arterial bp high or low, brain wants and needs constant blood flow

Smooth muscle arterioles constrict when they see high pressure and maintain same flow

30
Q

How shear stress affects vascular smooth muscle

A

Blood going faster, feel more shear stress. Translated into NO which causes vessel to relax and get more NO

31
Q

Where baroreceptors are located and what they respond to

A

Wall of aortic arch, vagus nerve

Carotid sinus, glossopharyngeal nerve

Changes in stretch

32
Q

ANP and BNP do what

A

Tell kidney to dump sodium, decreases overall fluid volume because water follows

33
Q

Vasopressin action

A

Vasoconstrictor released from posterior pituitary

34
Q

Ang II effect

A

Vasoconstriction made from renin and ace action on angiotensin

35
Q

Endothelin action

A

Vasoconstrictor released on endothelium

36
Q

Epinephrine action and released by what

A

Vasoactive and cardioactive, adrenal medulla. Constriction and increased BP

37
Q

ANP action and released by what

A

Dilator released by heart, causes na loss

38
Q

3 vasoactive humoral regulators that affect BP in long run

A

Ang II
Vasopressin
ANP

39
Q

Vasoconstrictors

3

A

Norepi
Ang II
Vasopressin

40
Q

Vasodilator 2

A

Bradykinin and histamine

41
Q

3 things that work in seconds to minutes to regulate BP

A

Baroreceptors
Chemoreceptors
Cns ischemic response

42
Q

Things with intermediate speed to regulate bp

A

Capillary shift

Renal blood volume

Physiology (25 decks)

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