Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Physiology > Chapter 4 Cell Membrane > Flashcards

Chapter 4 Cell Membrane Flashcards

1
Q

Hydrophobic molecules: 4

A

O2, CO2, N2, benzene

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Small uncharged polar molecules

A

H20, urea, glycerol

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Large uncharged polar molecules 2

A

Glucose and sucrose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Glucose has gradient ___ cell

A

Into

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Osmolarity higher in ____ than in ____

A

Plasma

ECF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Calcium has strong affinity for going ____ cell

A

Into

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Cl has ____ concentration in cell

Phosphate is big anion in ____. Role:

Buffer by moving____ out of cell while moving ____ in

Acidosis:

A

Low

Cell. Buffering

Potassium, H

Potassium in blood increases

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

How fluid drawn in from interstitial space

A

Protein concentration 1 in plasma 0 in ECF (ISF), so draws fluid into ISF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Osmolarity higher in _____ than in ____

A

Plasma, ECF

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Glucose has gradient into _____

A

Cell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Things to look up

A

Nernst potential

Osmotic gradient p= mRt

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

How particles move in facilitated diffusion

A

Electrochemical gradient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Active transport uses what to push something against its _____

A

ATP, electrochemical gradient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Secondary active transport usually uses

A

Something else, usually sodium gradient

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Similarities and differences between transporters and channels

A

Same: selective for what goes through them

Transporters have conformational changes and channels don’t

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Know how to use Michaels mentin equation

A

T = Tmax X s / Tk + S

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Method of transport in sodium potassium pump

A

Primary active transport

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What controls number of aquaporins present and how

A

ADH signals them to cell membrane

19
Q

Many ligands bind to receptors associated with membrane bound __ ___ to initiate transduction pathways. They react with other membrane bound proteins to activate __ ___ systems.

A

G proteins, second messenger

20
Q

Cyclic amp and IP3 are what

A

Second messengers

21
Q

What is first receptor and what is second messenger

A

Ligand receptor is first, G protein is second

22
Q

How steroid receptors work

A

Lipophilic and able to go straight through plasma, bind to receptor in cytoplasm, binds to DNA in nucleus, attracts RNA polymerase, and up or down regulates a gene.

23
Q

Adenylyl cyclase (cAMP) 8

A 
ACTH
LH
FSH
ADH (V2 receptor)
PTH
Calcitonin
Glucagon 
B-adrenergic agonists
24
Q

Phospholipase C (IP3-ca) 8

A 
GnRH
TRH
GHRH
CRH
Angiotensin II
ADH (V1)
Oxytocin 
Alpha adrenergic agonists
25
Q

Cytoplasmic/nuclear receptor 7

A 
Cortisol 
Estradiol
Progesterone 
Testosterone
Aldosterone 
Calcitriol 
Thyroid hormones
26
Q

Tyrosine kinase 3

A

Insulin
IGFs
GH

27
Q

Guanylate Cyclase (cGMP) 2

A

ANP

Nitric oxide

28
Q

Equation for hydrostatic pressure

A

P= mRT

29
Q

Simple diffusion worked for ___ ___ molecules or ___ molecules.

2 examples

A

Small uncharged molecules or nonpolar molecules

O2 and co2

30
Q

Facilitated diffusion drawn by ___ ___. Have a ____. Nothing is moving ___ gradient only ____

A

Electrochemical gradient. Channel. Up. Down

31
Q

Active transport uses ___ to push something ___ it’s ___ ___

A

ATP, against, electrochemical gradient

32
Q

Secondary active transport normally drawn by ___ ___. Uses ___ of something else

A

Sodium gradient. Energy

33
Q

Differences and similarities of channels and transporters

A

Both are selective for what goes through

Only transporters have conformational changes

34
Q

What is Michaels menten equation

What is S, what is Tk

A

T= Tmax X S / Tk + S

S= particles trying to get through

Tk= half point

35
Q

V= ___ X ___ / ____ + ___

A

Vmax X S /

Kt + S

36
Q

What max rate of facilitated diffusion is

How it’s different from simple

A

Simple diffusion is linear, no max

Max

37
Q

Normal membrane potential

A

-50 to -70

38
Q

What affects number of aquaporins

A

ADH

39
Q

How hormones have different functions

A

Nuclear protein receptors

40
Q

ANP and nitric oxide stimulated by

A

Guanylate cyclase or cGMP

41
Q

Insulin, IGFs, and GH signaled by

A

Tyrosine kinase

42
Q

Cortisol, estradiol, progesterone, testosterone, aldosterone, calcitriol, and thyroid hormones stimulated by

A

Cytoplasmic or nuclear receptors

43
Q

GnRH, TRH, GHRH, CRH, Ang II, ADH (V1), oxytocin, alpha adrenergic agonists a stim by

A

IP3, Phospoholipase C Gsub2

44
Q

ACTH, LH, FSH, ADH (V2), PTH, Calcitonin, glucagon, and beta adrenergic agonists stim by

A

Camp adenyl cyclase, gsub1

Physiology (25 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions