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Physiology > Chapter 2 Cells > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Cells Flashcards

1
Q

G0-
G1/s-
G2/M-

A

Resting state

Checking for cell size, nutrients, growth factors, DNA damage

Checking for cell size and DNA replication

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2
Q

Role of Golgi apparatus

A

Protein from rough ER exported here which sorts through it and exports product outside of cell or may make it into lysosomes

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3
Q

Smooth endoplasmic reticulum role

A

Fat metabolism that isn’t for ATP production. Cholesterol and steroid hormones, drug metabolism.

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4
Q

Can still make ____ without oxygen but results in ____ production and drop in ____

A

Co2, H+, pH

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5
Q

How ligand is brought into cell

A

Receptor mediated endocytosis. Ligand attaches to surface receptor. How cholesterol passes through and triglyceride is processed.

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6
Q

Cilia use what as a motor

Microvilli have what that are what and increase surface area

A

Microtubules

Microfilaments, actin

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7
Q

In cell what is used to:

Be water tight

Hold cells together and prevents gaps

Hold things together but allow passage between

A

Tight junction or zonula occludens

Belt desmosome or zonula adherens

Gap junction

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8
Q

Molecules that easily go through lipid belayer 3

Molecules that go through slowly 3, need transporter to go through quickly

Which two kinds of materials need a channel

A

Oxygen, carbon dioxide, n2 (hydrophobic)

Water, urea, glycerol (small uncharged particles)

Large uncharged molecules (glucose and sucrose) and ions

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9
Q

Sodium concentration:
Plasma
ECF
ICF

A

140
140
12

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10
Q

Potassium concentration

Plasma
ECF
ICF

A

4.3
4.3
120

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11
Q

Calcium concentration in ICF

A

.0001 way smaller than plasma/ECF, moves into cell

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12
Q

Chloride concentration

Plasma
ECF
ICF

A

105
105
5

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13
Q

Hco3- concentration

Plasma
ECF

A

24

24

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14
Q

Protein concentration

Plasma
ECF
ICF

A

1
About 0
High

Difference of one is crucial

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15
Q

Total osmolarity

Plasma
ECF
ICF

A

291
290
290

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16
Q

Ph

Plasma
ECF
ICF

A
  1. 4
  2. 4
  3. 2 from metabolism
17
Q

Secondary active transport

A

One molecule wants to come back into cell (lower concentration in cell). Another molecule outside of cell wants to come in but has higher concentration inside of cell. The other molecule gets in by using energy of molecule of lower concentration inside cell

Energy not from ATP but from sodium gradient and transporter

18
Q

At resting _____ leaks out of cell. Cell becomes less positive. Open ____ channels, ____ rushes in, cell depolarizes.
Close ____ channel and open ____ channel, _____ leaves and cell repolarizes.

A

Potassium
Sodium, sodium
Sodium, potassium, potassium

Physiology (25 decks)

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