Cranial Nerves Flashcards
CN I
olfactory
CN II
optic
CN III
oculomotor
CN IV
trochlear
CN V
trigeminal
CN VI
abducent
CN VII
facial
CN VIII
vestibulocochlear
CN IX
glossopharyngeal
CN X
vagus
CN XI
accessory
CN XII
hypoglossal
where do cranial nerves arise from
the brain
where do the cranial nerves travel through to innervate their structures in the head and neck
the foramoina and fissures in the cranium
what are the main functions the cranial nerves carry out
sensory, motor and autonomic functions
what is the name for the front of the brain
the rostral
what is the name for the back of the brain
the caudal
oh, oh, oh, to touch and feel very green vegetables, a h
- olfactory
- optic
- oculumotor
- trochlear
- trigeminal
- abducens
- facial
- vestibulocochlear
- glossopharyngeal
- vagus
- accessory
- hypoglossal
where are the olfactory and optic nerve emerging from
the cerebrum
where do the oculomotor and the trochlear nerve emerge from
the mid brain
which cranial nerve arises from the dorsal aspect of the brain stem
trochlear
where does the trigeminal nerve arise from
the pons
where does the abducens, facial and vestibulocochlear nerve emerge from
they enter and exit at the pontomedullary junction
where does the spinal accessory nerve emerge from
the spinal cord
where does the glossopharyngeal, vagus and hypoglossal nerve emerge from
the medulla
are the optic and olfactory cranial nerves ACTUALLY nerves?
no they are brain projections that belong to the olfactory and optic tracts
where do motor fibres originate from
the brain
where do motor fibres carry signals
they carry them from the brain to the structures they innervate
what are efferent fibres
those that carry signals from the brain to the structures they innervate
what are afferent fibres
those that carry signals from receptors in the periphery to the brain
what are the types of motor fibres
somatic
somatic branchi
visceral motor
what are somatic motor fibres
fibres that innervate striated muscle under voluntary control
what are somatic branchi
these are found only in the cranial nerves and innervate voluntary muscles that develop embryologically from the branchial arches
what are visceral motor fibres
these are parasympatheetic fibres which constitute the cranial outflow of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system
what do the visceral motor fibres innervate
smooth muscles, glands, and the heart
what are the types of sensory fibres
somatic
visceral
special
what are somatic sensory fibres
these carry pain, temperature, and touch from the skin, mucous membranes, and muscles
what are visceral sensory fibres
these are fibres that are found in the carotid body and sinus pharynx, larynx, thoracis and abdominal viscera
what are special sensory fibres
these are responsible for smell, sight, taste, hearing and balance
what are the four cranial nerves that carry parasympathetic information
oculumotor
facial
glossopharyngeal
vagus
is the olfactory nerve sensory or motor
sensory
is the optic nerve sensory or motor
sensory
is the olfactory nerve sensory or motor
sensory
is the trochlear nerve sensory or motor
motor
is the trigeminal nerve sensory of motor
both
is the abducens nerve sensory or motor
motor
is the facial nerve motor or sensory
both
is the vestibulocochlear nerve motor or sensory
sensory
is the glossopharyngeal nerve motor or sensory
both
is the vagus nerve motor or sensory
both
is the spinal accessory nerve motor or sensory
motor
is the hypoglossal nerve motor or sensory
motor
what does the olfactory nerve do
has special sensory function and carries information responsible for carrying information about smell
optic nerve function
special sensory, carries information responsible for vision
what is the oculomotor nerve
this has somatic motor function that innervates most of the extraocular muscles which are responsible for movement of the eyeball. carries sympathetic information to the sphincter pupillae muscle which constricts the pupil, and the ciliary muscle which alters the curvature of the lens
what is the trochlear nerve responsible for
the somatic motor innervation to the superior oblique
what are the three divisions of the trigeminal nerve
- opthalmic
- maxillary
- mandibular
what are the functions of the trigeminal nerve
all three of its branches carry sensory information from different parts of the face, scalp and mouth
somatic motor function as its mandibular division innervates the muscles of mastication that are responsible for chewing movements
what is the abducens nerve responsible for
somatic motor innervation to the lateral rectus
what is the lateral rectus
an extraocular muscle
what is the facial nerve
this functions for somatic motor innervation for the muscles of facial expression
carries sympathetic fibres for innervation of the submandibular, sublingual, lacrimal and nasal glands
sensory function as it innervates a small area of skin on the external ear
special sensory fibres that carry taste from the anterior two thirds of the tongue
what is the vestibulocochlear nerve in charge of
hearing and balance
what does the glossopharyngeal nerve function in
somatic motor innervation to the stylopharyngeus which is needed for swallowing. carries parasympathetic fibres to the parotid gland
carries sensory information from the oropharynx and the carotid sinus and carotid body
also has special sensory fibres that sense taste from the posterior one third of the tongue
what is the vagus responsible for
somatic motor innervation for the muscles of the larynx and pharynx which are used for phonation and swallowing
carries sympathetic fibres to the heart and lungs, and muscles and glands of the gastrointestinal tract
carries sensory information from the larynx, pharynx, heart, lungs, and abdominal viscera
has special sensory fibres that sense taste from the epiglottic region and the laryngeal pharynx
what is the function of the spinal accessory nerve
somatic motor innervation for the sternocliedomastoid and trapezius muscles
what is the function of the hypoglossal nerve
somatic motor innervation of the muscles of the tongue
what are the innervations of the tongue
hypoglossal - movement of the tongue
glossopharygeal, trigeminal (lingual branch) and the facial nerve ae responsible for the taste sensory apsect of the tongue
which nerve innervates all the muscles of the tongue apart from the palatoglossus, and which nerve supplies this muscle
the hypoglossal and the vagus nerve
why is the tongue innervated
recognising taste and movement
name the parasympathetic ganglia located in the head
ciliary
optic
pterygopalatine
submandibula
which cranial nerves provide fibres to the parasympathetic ganglia of the head
oculomotor
facial
glossopharyngeal
what are collateral ganglia
ganglia responsible for carrying sympathetic nerve fibres from the spinal cord
function of olfactory
smell
function of optic
vision
function of oculomotor
smooth muscle that controls the lense shape and pupil size
extrinsic eye muscles
function of trochlear
superior oblique muscle of the eye
motor function of the trigeminal nerve
chewing
sensory function of the trigeminal nerve
head and face sensation
function of abducens
lateral rectus
motor function of facial nerve
facial expression salivaion and tears
sensory function of facial nerve
taste on the anterior two thirds of the tongue
function of the vestibulocochlear
hearing and equilibrium
motor function of the glossopharyngeal
swallowing and salivation
sensory function of glossopharyngeal
taste on posterior tongue
throat
tonsils
receptors in the carotid artery
function of vagus
viscera in the throat, abdominal organs and heart
function of accessory
head and shoulder movment
function of hypoglossal
tongue movement
