Chapter 9 - Enzymes Flashcards
What is a catalyst
A substance that speeds up a reaction without being used up
What is an enzyme
A protein that speeds up a reaction without being used up - biological catalyst
What is a protein
A sequence of amino acids
Describe the type of protein enzymes are
Globular
They’re 3D, folded
What determines the function of an enzyme
The shape and sequence
3D shape means that it will fit neatly and react only with a substance of the shape that matches it
What is a substrate
A substance in which an enzyme reacts
What is a product
Substance which an enzyme forms
Describe proteins
3D shape - means it fits with a specific substrate- the place in which the substrate fits is called the active site
Reactions are reversible - enzymes can be catabolic and anabolic
How is an enzymes named
By adding “ase” at the end of the substrate
What is an active site
The site that a substrate fits into on an enzyme
What is the role of a catabolic enzymes
Amylase converts starch into maltose
Amylase is made in salivary glands and pancreas
Seeds release amylase when germinating
What is the role of anabolic enzymes
DNA polymerase forms and repairs dna
Enzymes that control photosynthesis
DNA ligase joins two pieces of dna together
What effects enzyme activity
Temperature
Ph
What is a denatured enzyme
An enzyme that has lost its shape and can no longer carry out their function
What is the usually the optimum ph for enzymes
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