Chapter 25: Blood

Question 1

what are the four ccomponents of blood?

Answer 1

plasma
white blood cells
red blood cells
platelets

Question 2

what is the function of plasma?

Answer 2

contains antibodies to fight off infections
contains clotting proteins
90% water, transports RBC, WBC, platelets and heat and wastes

Question 3

what is another word for red blood cells?

Answer 3

Erythrocytes

Question 4

where are RBC made?

Answer 4

bone marrow of ribs, sternum, vertebrae

Question 5

what is the function of RBC?

Answer 5

they contain haemoglobin which transports oxygen throughout the body

Question 6

describe the shape and contents of RBCs.

Answer 6

biconcave shape for a larger surface area, no nucleus or mitochondria, 4 month life cycle,, they are broken down by the liver and spleen

Question 7

what is another word for white blood cells?

Answer 7

Leucocytes

Question 8

where are WBCs made?

Answer 8

bone marrow

Question 9

what is the function of WBCs?

Answer 9

fight infections by making antibodies or by ingesting infections (phatocytes)

Question 10

what are the two types of WBCs?

Answer 10

monocytes

lymphocytes

Question 11

what is the ratio of WBC to RBC?

Answer 11

700 RBC : 1 WBC

Question 12

what percentage of WBCs are monocytes?

Answer 12

5%

Question 13

what percentage of WBCs are lymphocytes?

Answer 13

25%

Question 14

how long does a monocyte live for?

Answer 14

6-9 days

Question 15

how long does a lymphocyte live for?

Answer 15

3-10 days

Question 16

what is the function of a monocyte?

Answer 16

act as phatocytes by ingesting bacteria

Question 17

what is the function of a lymphocyte?

Answer 17

makes antibodies

Question 18

what is an antibody?.

Answer 18

a chemical that fights off infections

Question 19

what shape is a monocytes nucleus?

Answer 19

U or N shape

Question 20

what shape is a lymphocytes nucleus?

Answer 20

round

Question 21

what is another word for platelets?

Answer 21

thrombocytes

Question 22

where are platelets made?

Answer 22

bone marrow

Question 23

what is the function of platelets?

Answer 23

form blood clots, reduce loss of blood, prevent infection

Question 24

how are the four blood types defined?

Answer 24

by a complex carbohydrate and protein chemical on the surface of red blood cells

Question 25

what are the four main blood types?

Answer 25

A
B
AB
O

Question 26

what percentage of people have type A blood?

Answer 26

31%

Question 27

what percentage of people have type B blood?

Answer 27

11%

Question 28

what percentage of people have type AB blood?

Answer 28

3%

Question 29

what percentage of people have type O blood?

Answer 29

55%

Question 30

what blood type can type A blood donate to?

Answer 30

A, AB

Question 31

what blood type can type B blood donate to?

Answer 31

B, AB

Question 32

what blood type can type AB blood donate to?

Answer 32

AB

Question 33

what blood type can type O blood donate to?

Answer 33

A, B, AB

Question 34

what blood type can type A blood receive?

Answer 34

A, O

Question 35

what blood type can type B blood receive?

Answer 35

B, O

Question 36

what blood type can type AB blood receive?

Answer 36

A, B, O

Question 37

what blood type can type O blood receive?

Answer 37

O

Question 38

what blood type is the universal blood donor?

Answer 38

O- (O negative, meaning they have no rhesus factor)

Question 39

what is the rhesus factor?

Answer 39

another blood group white means that another chemical is on the surface of the red blood cells

Question 40

what percentage of irish people have the rhesus factor?

Answer 40

85%

Question 41

what is the symbol for rhesus positive and negative?

Answer 41

RH+ (positive)

RH- (negative)

Question 42

in terms of rhesus factor who can donate to who?

Answer 42

RH- can donate to RH+

but RH+ cannot donate to RH-