Chapter 8 -Part 2 Flashcards
What is HIV?
Human immunodefficiency virus
• Targets immune syystem
Virus only grow and multiply in host cells
If exposed to HIV doesn’t mean they have aids
What is AIDS?
Acquired immune deficiency syndrome
Need to have a. low CD4 count and have aids
What is the difference between AIDS and HIV?
HIV is a virus
AIDS is a syndrome which is a Collections of issues and illnesses , when HIV is undiagnosed/ uncared for (later stage of untreated or undiagnosed)
What are the 3 kinds of viral loads you can have?
High: more than 100,000/ml
-most infectious, when people dont know
Low: 2-10,000/ml
-treatment can help reduce viral load
Undetectable: less than 100/ml
-body has to adhere to the meds
What are the symptoms of HIV/AIDS?
Flu like fever Yeast infection Shingles UTIs Loss of appetite Sore throat Swollen Lymph nodes
Why are some people more at risk than others?
Social determinants of health
What are some social determinants of health?
Housing Security Homophobia & biophobia Transphobia Gender inequality Colonialism Racism Childhood abuse Cultural Norms Education and skill Access to healthcare Immigration Status Gender-based violence
Who is more likely to have a new HIV diagnosis in Ontario?
African
Caribbean
Black
How many people with a new HIV diagnosis were indigenous in Ontario?
44%
how many people have HIV in Canada?
75,000
What % of people living with HIV dont know it?
14%
What are the barriers to not knowing your HIV status?
Limited access to testing (could be living in the north/rural)
What bodily fluids house HIV?
Transmitted by: Semen Anal Vaginal Mucus Blood Human milk
How do you get HIV?
Condomless sex Vertical transmission Infant feeding with human milk Injection equipment Piercing tattoos
What is vertical transmission?
Parent to child transmission
-this is decreasing because of meds and c-section
What is PrEP?
Pre exposure prophylaxis
HIV prevention meds taken before exposure to HIV
Up to 99% effective
What are access issues to getting PrEP?
Homlessnes, poverty, unstable housing, cant freuqntly take the pill
When should you take PrEP?
Before exposure
Post exposure also, if you think you’ve been expsied to HIV its goal is to kill it so you don’t aquire it
• Sexually assulted and needles
If you are HIV+ do you have to disclose that to others?
- Have to fdisclose status to partner before sexual activity. Basically have to out yourself to people. NO realistic possibility of transmission with condom use and less than 1500 copies in blood
- Don’t have to report if on drugs and less than 200 copies for 6 months
What does U=U mean?
Undetectable= untrabnsmittable
What kind of risks are associated with engaging in sexual intercourse with HIV+ person?
No risk: always using newe injection equipment
Negligible risk: using shared sex toys with condom
Low risk: Bodily fluids presnet and transmission posible but there is condom and dental damn (oral sex)
High risk: Sharing injection equipement, having unprotected sex
What is the stigma wheel?
Silence: Not speaking out
Ignorance: fear surrounding their ignorance
Fear: Operates by people feel unworthy of themselves, encouraging all things around the wheel
Stigma
Discrimination: actions on the bias
What perpetuates stigma?
Current sex work legislation
-Can perpetuate a lot of stigma, more people would work in dangerout places to sell their stuff since its illegal to buy it
Immigration
-Over 15 and entering canada as permeantn res or refugee are tested for HIV because they are going to be a burden on the health care system. Saying that we don’t want those people in canada
Social perceptions fo drug use and addiction
Pan against gay men and trans folk from donating blood, organs and sperm
• All blood is tested for HIV anyways
Sex ed curriculum
• Not up to date curriculum
What should we assume about people who do drugs?
On a system that doesnt care for you is why people do drugs
Normally seen as a personal feeling but it is a systemic crisis
How do you test for HIV?
Rapid/Point of Care HIV Testing
• A couple of drops of blood from a finger prick
• This blood is tested immediately for HIV at the location it was taken
99.97% accurate results in 20 minutes (including pre and post test counselling)
Blood Draw/ Laboratory Testing
• If you get positive, then blood sent to lab just in case
To get a HIV test do you need to provide your name?
- The name or identity of the person being tested is not requested, recorded or reported. The test is ordered using a code known only to the person being tested.
- No name and no health card.
• All that is linked to you is your year of birth and a six digit
testing number.
Nominal recording if positive test
How do you reduce risk go getting HIV?
USING CONDOMS, DAMS + LUBE
GETTING TESTED REGULARLY
TALKING TO YOUR DOCTOR ABOUT PEP & PrEP
GOING TO A TATTOO/ PIERCING PROFESSIONAL
NOT SHARING/ REUSING DRUG EQUIPMENT
POZ PREVENTION (TasP, U=U)
TALKING ABOUT ALL STATUSES
