Chapter 14 Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the stereotypes and who discriminates towards gays?

A

● Too feminine
● Too masculine
● Accessories
● Organizations

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2
Q

Why does homophobia kills?

A

Suicide due to lack of support and/or experienced aggression

Loss of hope for a sustainable future

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3
Q

What is the “it gets better campaign”?

A

Celebs saying its okay to be gay

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4
Q

What are some of the historical attitudes towards gays?

A

● Homophobia
● Fear mongering
● Misunderstanding
● Canadian Blood Services
● 2019: 3 months abstinence for MSM eligibility
- Ongoing challenges to end discriminatory practices

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5
Q

What are the macro institutions in society?

A
● Government
● Law
● Medicine
● Religion
● Education Systems
● Non-governmental 
● Organizations (NGOs)
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6
Q

What did the government do to gays back in the day during the war?

A

● The RCMP ran a campaign to identify “homosexuals” in the civil service
● Occurring during the cold war era under PM John Diefenbaker
● The military police ran a campaign to identify “homosexuals” in the military
● These campaigns were run simultaneously

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7
Q

Why was the government afraid of gays in the war?

A

● Fear that “homosexuality” was synonymous with weakness and possible susceptibility to blackmail by foreign entities.

Concern that gay men and women would be at risk for being compromised by foreign governments

  • The nations secrets could be accessed
  • No examples are documented
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8
Q

What is the fruit machine?

A

“Fruit Machine” known as ‘the special project”

Hoped to use it as a screening tool for government and military applicants although never implemented

Even though the machine was not used, the special project resulted in harassment and work disruption for 400 workers
-Loss of livelihood, housing, employment and in some cases loss of life

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9
Q

When was the first gay marriage in the military?

A

2005 first gay marriage in the military

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10
Q

When did Justin Trudeau apologize to the LGBTQ+ community?

A

Justin Trudeau pledged to apologize to the LGBTQ+ community in 2016. His apology was on November 28, 2017

PM Trudeau apologizes to government officials adversely affected by historical LGBTQ+ discrimination

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11
Q

What did the government with PE Trudeau do to apologize?

A

Apology also cleared the criminal records of anyone convicted of engaging in “homosexual” activity

Same-sex sexual activity was decriminalized in 1969 by Pierre E Trudeau

Records say it continued into the early 1990’s even though “homosexuality” was decriminalized in 1969 by P.E. Trudeau

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12
Q

What do we have to realize with anodes apology?

A

Canada seen as progressive

Cannot overlook difficult history

Acknowledgement required to move forward

  • Apologies
  • Commitment to protecting human rights
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13
Q

What is the historical influence of religion on gay people?

A

● Religious justifications for vilification
● Referred to gay men as sodomites
● punishable and to be avoided despite well documented diversity sexual practices

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14
Q

What was the medicalization of gay people?

A

● Psychiatry deemed homosexuality as a diagnosis
● The term homosexuality is not used
● subtext that the “problem” of “homosexuality” is a pathology and needs diagnosis and intervention

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15
Q

When was gay declassified as a medical disorder?

A

Declassified as a medical disorder in the DSM II 1973, however pathologizing persisted.

  • Sexual Orientation Disturbance
  • Ego Dystonic Homosexuality (EDH)
  • Completely omitted DSM III-R in 1987
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16
Q

How did homosexuality become declassified?

A

􏰀There was continued difficulty with terminology for several years

􏰀The Association of Gay and Lesbian Psychiatrists (AGLP) advocated for all terminology related to sexual orientation as a pathology to be removed in the DSM III R

􏰀Position statement on reparative therapy

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17
Q

What is conversion therapy?

A

Conversion/reparative therapy - any one of a number of treatments designed to turn LGB into heterosexuals
● Usually pressure from family
● Does not change sexual orientation but makes
individual feel very guilty

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18
Q

When did Ontario ban conversion therapy?

A

2015

-but available in other places in the world

19
Q

Why is the word homosexuality not used?

A

● Emphasizes sexual behaviour (homo=same) instead of sexual identity
● It is ambiguous and usually associated with gay men

20
Q

What is correlated with homophobia?

A

Societal heterosexism and heteronormativity

21
Q

How have homophobic words evolved overtime?

A

Homophobic words that have been used historically have been reclaimed by the LGBT2Q2A+ community

22
Q

What is pansexual?

A

● Attraction to a person of any sexual orientation of gender identity
● Omnisexual
● Polisexual

23
Q

How do NGOs ease the journey for youth?

A

Create a supportive environment for LGBTQ+ youth

● Social Support is a Social Determinant of Heath (SDOH)
● Camp started in Saskatchewan and Alberta

24
Q

What is the GSA and how does it help youth?

A

● Gay-Straight Alliances based in schools
● Initiated and run by students with
teacher volunteer support

Safe haven and source of information for students, teachers and parents

25
Q

What are the benefits of a GSA in schools?

A

● Promote safety in schools for all students
● Acknowledge that the teen years are stressful and teens exploring their sexual orientation or gender identity may need additional support
● Provides a social sphere for youth
● Reduces isolation and provides a sense of purpose
● Implores the school community to examine harassment and discrimination in their environment and work towards compassion and support through education

26
Q

Why is language important?

A

● Be conscious that language evolves and educate yourself

● The Queer Community advises governments, organizations and media about proper terminology and challenging dominant assumptions and paradigms

27
Q

What do organizations like ACLU, GLAAD media reference guide do?

A

Educate macro institutions and media to present the right language to the public

28
Q

What is hate speech?

A
  • Any speech, gesture or conduct, writing, or display which is forbidden because it may incite violence or prejudicial action against or by a protected individual or group, or because it disparages or intimidates a protected individual or group
29
Q

What is a hate crime?

A
  • A hate crime is defined as a “criminal offence against a person or property motivated in whole or in part by an offender’s bias against a race, religion, disability, ethnic origin or sexual orientation.”
  • misgendering
30
Q

What can the government try and do to help same sex families?

A

» Making The road to having children for gay men and lesbian women easier through

» surrogacy
» sperm donation
» May mix samples
» Egg donation
» IVF
» Non-biological partner(s) adopts child
31
Q

What is category X?

A

KINSEY

1948: CATEGORY X
- refered to asexuals

32
Q

What is asexual?

A

research participants reported no socio- sexual contacts or reactions

33
Q

What % of the population is asexual?

A

Most researchers today believe around 1.05% of the population to be asexual

Around 70 million people

Prevalence may be higher

More common in women than men

34
Q

Who wrote the first academic paper on asexuality?

A

Anthony Bogaert (2004)

Professor at Brock University (Ontario)

35
Q

What was the implication of bogarts study about asexuality?

A

Important to understand concepts and accurate information about asexual identification

helps us learn about all aspects of sexuality

Adds to literature on sexuality spectrums and orientations towards subject identifications and relationship seeking

36
Q

What is aromantic?

A

An orientation in which no romantic attraction is felt towards anyone

37
Q

What is the split attraction model?

A

The idea that sexual and romantic attraction fall under two different spectrums

38
Q

What is AVEN?

A

The asexual visibility and education network

Website that begin a dialogue about asexuality

  • started in 2001/2002
  • inclusive of all self-identifications

Intent to educate and address invisibility and stigma

Became a source where people gather

39
Q

Why was AVEN important to research?

A

Researchers sought participants and research assistants for studies that included the lived experiences of people that identified With asexuality

40
Q

What did Scherrer 2008 note?

A

Noted absence of academic literature on the subject of asexuality

Like Bogaert, criticized past research that focuses on “causal explanations” and medicalization of the asexual community

41
Q

What did brotto and yule 2009 note?

A

Discuss the research issues caused by a lack of operational definition of asexuality
- stated that it hinders academic research

42
Q

What did cardigan 20011 note?

A

Provided a Sociological perspective

Advocated for expanding terminology (terms and concepts) for articulation of differences and affirmations of the things that people have in common

43
Q

What is the history between Asexuality and the DSM 5

A

Though hypoactive sexual desire disorder and sexual aversion disorder are both classed in the DSM IV, the DSM V adds “If better explained by self- identification as asexual, a diagnosis will not be made”

44
Q

what is the misconception about asexuality and trauma?

A

Misconception that asexual or aromantic identities must be connected to past trauma and that has to the be cause of their asexualness