Chapter 4 - Part 1 Flashcards
What are the 2 categories of female sex organs?
Internal and external
What are the external female sex organs?
Vulva Clitoris Mons Pubis Labia Minora Labia Majora Vulvar vestibule Vaginal Opening
What is a clitoris?
Sensitive organ important in female sexual response
Tip is a knob of tissue externally in front od vaginal opening and urethral opening
Inside has a wishbone same
Where does the labia minora join?
Right under the clit
What is the shaft of the clit?
Consists of 2 corpora cavernosa
-homologouus to the penis structure in makes
Can the clit become erect?
Yes, with arousal
What is tumescence?
Blood engorgement of erectile tissue
What is the crura in the clit?
2 longer spongy bodies that lie deep in the body and run from tip to the clit to either side of vagina
Where does the internal vestibular bulbs lie?
In the crura
What is the mons pubis?
Rounded fatty pad of tissue covered with pubic has at the front of the body
-lies on top of the pubic bone
What is the labia?
Form the perimeter of the vulvar vestibule
What is the labia majors?
Outer lips
- rounded labs with fatty tissue
- naturally covered in pubic hair
What is the labia minora?
Inner lips
- 2 hairless folds of skin
- the top part of the labia minor forms clitoral hood
- The labia minora come together at the base/behind the vaginal opening
What is the fourchette?
-The labia minora come together at the base/behind the vaginal opening
What is the vaginal opening called?
Introitus
Where is the bartholin gland?
Located in the labia minora
-can become infected must be treated with antibiotics
What is the perineum?
The area of skin between the vaginal opening and the anus
What is The vulvar vestibule
- Area enclosed by the labia minora
- Contains urethral opening
- Contains vagina introitus
- Highly sensitive area due to innervation
What is the hymen?
think membrane with if present partially overhears the vaginal opening
Is a hymen the definitive sign of verginity?
No,
- but has family/community expectations
- related to dowry
What is another name for female genital cutting?
Female genital mutilation
Female circumcision
Why do people participate in FGC?
Premariatal virginity is often considered essential to family honour
Seen as a way to preserve virginity/honour
Deep rooted cultural tradition so hard to promote change
How many people have undergone FGC?
140 million females between infancy and age 15 have undergone an excision
What is type I FGC?
Excision of the prepuce with or without excision of part or all of the clit
-clitorectomy
What is type II FGC?
Excision of the clit with partial or total excision of the labia minora (80% of cases)
What is type III FGC?
Infibulation
Excision of part or all of the external genitalia and stitching/narrowing of the vaginal opening
-most severe form
-15% of cases
What is type IV FGC?
Pricking, piercing, or incising of the clitoris and or labia.
Stretching of the clit and or labia, cauterization burins of external genitals
What are the unintentional consequences of educational interventions by WHO?
Shifts in type of FGC
Shifts to having the cutting done by medical practitioners
Shift toward having the procedure done at younger ages
Why is shifting FGC to a younger age dangerous?
May lead to cessation of schooling and early marriage, childbearing when very young
Potential health complications and discomfort at the time of marriage and childbirth
What are some of the health consequences of FGC?
Hemmorhage HIV Tetanus Infections of vulva and cervix Damage of urethra Pain with interocurse Birthing consequences Death Decrease sexual pleasure
How do we stop FGC?
Education and female empowerment (community driven)
Social change is the key for longterm change
What is genital self image?
Attitudes and feeling towards our genitals
what is our genital self image perception affected by?
Cultural norms
Secual experience
Medical condiitons
How can genitals change appearance?
Waxing
LAser hair removal
Sugery
What is vaginal rejuvenation?
Labioplasty
Reconstruction of the hymen
What are the female internal organs?
Vagina Vestibular bulb Skenes gland/female prostate Uterus Fallopian tubes Ovaries Mammary glands
What is the vagina?
Tube shaped organ
Birth canal
8-10cm long in unaroused state
At the bottom it ends in the vaginal opening
What is the pubococcygeus muscle?
Area sound the vagina composed of 3 muscles
- pubococcygeus which surrounds intoitus
- Iliococcygeus
- Coccygeus
Where is the vestibular bulb?
Bulbs of the clitoris
Organs areshape of clitoral crura
At Introits behind the labia minora
-erectile tissue
What are the other names for the skeins gland?
g spot
female protstate
Para-Urethral gland
Where is the g spot?
Lies between the upper wall of the urethra and the wall of the vagina
-size and sensitivity and among of secretion varies
What is the g spot?
Ducts of the scene gland empty into the urethra but isn’t urine
Secretory fluid similar to the male prostatic fluid (alkaline pH)
What is the uterus?
Womb
Size of fist
Shaped like upside down pear
What is the fundus?
Top part of the uterus
What are the 3 layers of the uterus?
Endometrium (sheds)
Myometrium (inner muscular layer)
Perimetrium (serosa)
What is the other name for Fallopian tubes?
Oviducts
Uterine tubes
What is in the inside of Fallopian tubes?
Cilia
Where are the fimria of the Fallopian tubes?
Fingerline projections on end of fallopian tube
where does fertilization typically occur?
In the infundibulum of the fallopian tube
-closest to ovary
What do ovaries contain?
Follicles (capsule surrounding the ova)
Primary follicle erupts mid cycle
What are the 2 main functions of ovaries?
Produce mature ova
MAke sex hormones
- estrogen
- progesterone
- small amounts of testosterone
How many mamary glands are there in the breast?
15-20 clusters each opening to the nipple
What tissues are in breasts?
Fatty and fibrous tissue surround the cluster of glands
