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BIOL 235 > Chapter 8 > Flashcards

Chapter 8 Flashcards

1
Q

Primary function of appendicular skeleton?

A

Movement

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2
Q

Parts of the pectoral girdle?

A

Clavicle and scapula

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3
Q

Another word for clavicle?

A

Collarbone

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4
Q

another name for scapula?

A

Shoulder blade

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5
Q

Scapula

A

A large triangular, flat, bone situated in the superior part of the posterior thorax between the 2nd and 7th ribs

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6
Q

Acromian

A

Flattened, expanded process on the lateral end of the spine of the scapula

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7
Q

What are the three upper limb locations?

A

Humerus in the arm, ulna and radius in the forearm, and eight carpals in the carpus, the five metacarpals in the metacarpus, and the 14 phalanges in the hand

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8
Q

Humerus

A

Arm bone is the longest and largest bone of the upper limb articulate proximally with the scapula and distally with the two bones the ulna and radius to form the elbow joint

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9
Q

Where is the palpable boney landmark of the shoulder located?

A

Greater tubercle

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10
Q

Deltoid tuberosity

A

Point of attachment for the tendons of the deltoid muscle

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11
Q

Trochlea

A

Spiral shaped surface that articulates with the trochlear notch of the ulna

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12
Q

Coronoid fossa

A

An anterior depression that receives to coronoid process of the ulna bone in the forearm is flexed

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13
Q

Olecranon fossa

A

Large posterior depression that receives the olecranon of the olecranon when the forearm is extended

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14
Q

Medial and lateral epicondyle

A

Rough projections on either side of the distal end of the humerus to which the tendons of most muscles of the forearm are attached

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15
Q

Ulna

A

Medial aspect of the forearm aka the little finger side and is longer than the radius

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16
Q

Olecranon

A

Prominence of the elbow

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17
Q

Radius

A

Smaller of the forearm bones located on the lateral aspect a.k.a. the thumb side

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18
Q

Carpus

A

The proximal region of the hand and consists of eight small bones the carpals joined to one another by ligaments

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19
Q

What are the carpals in the proximal row from lateral to medial?

A

Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrum
Pisiform

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20
Q

The carpals in the distal row from lateral to medial are?

A

Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capitate
Hamate

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21
Q

Metacarpus

A

Palm is the intermediate region of the hand consisting of bones called metacarpals

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22
Q

What do metacarpals consist of?

A

Proximal base, intermediate shaft, and distal head

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23
Q

How many phalanges are there in the five digit of each hand?

24
Q

How many phalanges does the thumb have and what are they called?

A

Two, Proximal and distal phalanges

25
Q

Bony pelvis

A

Complete ring composed of the hip bones, pubic symphysis, sacrum, and coccyx. forms a deep basin like structure

26
Q

Ilium

A

Largest of the three components of the hip bone composed of superior and inferior body

27
Q

What are the three parts of the hip bone?

A

Ilium
Ischium
Pubis

28
Q

Hip pointer

A

Bruising of the anterior superior iliac spine and associated soft tissue such as occurs in body contact sports

29
Q

Ischium

A

Inferior, posterior portion of the hip bone. comprises of a superior body and an inferior ramus. Ramen fuses with the pubis

30
Q

Pubis

A

Anterior and inferior part of the hip bone. consists of superior ramus, inferior ramus, body between the Remi make up the pubis

31
Q

Pectineal line

A

important landmarks for distinguishing the superior and inferior portions of the boney pelvis

32
Q

Pubic symphysis

A

Joint between the two pubes of the hip bone. consists of a disc fibrocartilage. Relaxin increases the flexibility of the pubic symphysis to ease delivery

33
Q

Acetabulum

A

Deep fossa formed by the ileum, ischium, and pubis it functions as the socket that accepts the rounded head of the femur. together forming the hip joint

34
Q

Pelvic brim

A

 The boundary dividing the superior and inferior portions of the boney pelvis. That forms the inlet into the pelvic cavity from the abdomen

35
Q

False (greater) pelvis

A

Bordered by the lumbar vertebrae posteriorly, the upper portion of the hipbones laterally, and abdominal wall interiorly, including lower abdomen, which contains the superior portion of the urinary bladder (when it is full) the lower intestines in both genders the uterus, ovaries, and uterine tubes of the female

36
Q

True (lesser) pelvis

A

Has an inlet, an outlet, and a cavity. it is bounded by the sacrum and coccyx posteriorly. inferior portions of the ilium and ischium laterally, and the pubic bones anteriorly. the true pelvis surrounds the pelvic cavity which Includes rectum, urinary bladder, vagina, cervix of the uterus in females and prostate in males

37
Q

Pelvic inlet

A

The superior opening of the true pelvis bordered by the pelvic brim

38
Q

Pelvic outlet

A

Inferior opening of the true pelvis which is covered by the muscle at the floor of the pelvis

39
Q

Pelvic axis

A

An imaginary line that curves through the pelvis from the central point of the plane of the pelvic inlet to the central point of the plane of the pelvic outlet this is the key route taken by baby as it descends through the pelvis

40
Q

How many bones are in the lower limb?

41
Q

What are the four locations of bones in the lower limb?

A
  1. Femur in the thigh
  2. patella
  3. tibia and fibula in the leg
  4. seven tarsals in the tarsus, five metatarsal in the metatarsus, and 14 phalanges in the foot
42
Q

Femur

A

Thighbone is the longest heaviest and strongest bone in the body

43
Q

Greater and lesser trochanter

A

Projections from the junction of the neck and shaft that serve as points of attachment for the tendons of some of the thigh and buttock muscles

44
Q

Lines aspera

A

This ridge serves as an attachment point for the tendons of several thigh muscles

45
Q

Medial and lateral condyle

A

These are included in the expanded distal end of the femur and articulate with the medial and lateral condiles of the tibia

46
Q

Intercondylar fossa

A

Depressed area between the condiles on the posterior surface

47
Q

Patella

A

The kneecap is a small triangular bone located anterior to the knee joint. It is a sesamoid bone which develops in the tendon of the quadriceps femoris muscle which is called the base, the pointed distal end is referred to as the Apex, the posterior surface contains two articular facet one for the medial condyle of the femur and the other for the lateral condyle of the femur

48
Q

Tibia

A

Shinbone the larger, medial, weight bearing bone of the leg

49
Q

Fibula

A

Parallel and lateral to the tibia but is considerably smaller does not articulate with the femur but helps stabilize the ankle joint

50
Q

Lateral malleolus

A

Distal end of fibula shaped as an arrowhead formed the prominence on the lateral surface of the ankle

51
Q

Tarsus

A

Proximal region of the foot in consists of seven tarsal bones

52
Q

What are the seven tarsal bones?

A
  1. Talus
  2. Calcaneus
  3. Navicular
  4. Third cuneiform
  5. Second cuneiform
  6. First cuneiform
  7. Cuboid
53
Q

Metatarsus

A

Intermediate region of the foot consisting of five metatarsal bones numbered 1 to 5 from the medial to the lateral position

54
Q

Arches of the foot

A

Bones of the foot are arranged in to Arches that are held in position by ligaments and tendons the arches enable to say to support the weight of the body provide an ideal distribution of body weight of the soft and hard tissues of the foot and provide leverage were walking

55
Q

Longitudinal arch

A

Two parts both of which consist of tarsal and metatarsal bones arranged to form an arch from the anterior to posterior part of the foot and I

56
Q

Transverse arch

A

Found between the medial and lateral aspects of the foot ends formed by the novacular three uniforms in the bases of the five metatarrsoles distribute bodyweight over the soft and hard tissues of the body

BIOL 235 (28 decks)

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