Chapter 19

Question 1

The three functions of blood?

Answer 1

1. Transportation
2. Regulation
3. Protection

Question 2

PH of blood?

Answer 2

7.35-7.45

Question 3

Buffy coat?

Answer 3

The layer between the packed red blood cells and plasma in centrifuged blood

Question 4

Describe blood plasma?

Answer 4

Straw coloured liquid, made up about 91. 5% water and 8.5% solutes

Question 5

Where are most of the plasma proteins synthesized and what are they?

Answer 5

Synthesized in the hepatocytes (liver) and include albumin, globulins, fibrinogen

Question 6

Antibodies

Answer 6

Developed by blood cells, also called gamma globulins,produced during immune responses

Question 7

What are the three formed elements of blood?

Answer 7

1. Red blood cells
2. White blood cells
3. Platelets

Question 8

What are the types of white blood cells?

Answer 8

1. Neutrophils
2. Basophils
3. Eosinophils
4. Monocytes
5. Lymphocytes

Question 9

How can lymphocytes be further divided?

Answer 9

B lymphocytes, T lymphocytes, natural killer

Question 10

Hematocrit

Answer 10

Percentage of total blood volume occupied by RBC’s
Normal range: female 38-46%, male 40-54%

Question 11

Pluripotent stem cells

Answer 11

.05-.1% of red bone marrow that is derived from mesenchyme and have the capacity to develop into many different cells

Question 12

Myeloid stem cells

Answer 12

Developed by pluripotent stem cells and give rise to red blood cells, platelets, monocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils and mast cells

Question 13

Lymphoid stem cells

Answer 13

Produced by pluripotent stem cells and give rise to lymphocytes which give rise to natural killers

Question 14

Hemoglobin

Answer 14

Globin- four polypeptide chains
Heme - ring like none protein pigment bound to each chain with an iron in the centre that can reversibly bind with an oxygen

Question 15

Ferritin

Answer 15

Iron storage protein

Question 16

Transferrin

Answer 16

Transporter for Fe3+ in the bloodstream

Question 17

Reticulocyte

Answer 17

Immature red blood cell

Question 18

White blood cell

Answer 18

Also called leukocyte, has a nuclei and other organelles but have no hemoglobin

Question 19

Granular leukocytes

Answer 19

Neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils

Question 20

A granular leukocytes

Answer 20

Lymphocytes, monocytes

Question 21

Leukocytosis

Answer 21

Increase in WBC above 10,000/ul

Question 22

Leukopenia

Answer 22

Abnormally low WBC below 5,000 ul

Question 23

Selectins

Answer 23

Adhesion molecules displayed by endothelial cells in response nearby injury and inflammation

Question 24

Hemostasis

Answer 24

Sequence of responses to stop bleeding