Chapter 7 spelling words Flashcards
atrophy
wasting away; “without development”
a=without troph/o=development -y=noun ending
cardiac muscle
muscle of the heart walls; involuntary muscle
card/i=heart ac=pertaining to
contracture
an abnormal (usually permanent) bending of a joint into a fixed position; usually caused by atrophy and shortening of muscle fibers
fascia
thin sheets of fibrous connective tissue that penetrate and cover the entire muscle, holding the fibers together
insertion
the point of attachment of a muscle to a bone it moves
pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy
a form of muscular dystrophy that is characterized by progressive weakness and muscle fiber degeneration without evidence of nerve involvement or degeneration of nerve tissue; also know as Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy
pseud/o=false hyper=excessive troph/o=development -ic=pertaining to
skeletal muscle
attach tot he bones of the skeleton; known as striated muscle; act voluntarily
striated muscle
muscles that have a striped appearance when viewed under a microscope. skeletal and cardiac muscles are examples
tendon
a strong fibrous band of tissue that extends from a muscle, attaching it to the bone by becoming continuous with the periosteum of the bone
torso
trunk
visceral muscle
muscles of the internal organs; smooth muscle
viscer/o=pertaining to the internal organs of the body
voluntary muscle
muscles that operate under conscious control; responsible for movement of the fave, eyes, tongue, and pharynx; voluntary
abduction
movement of a bone away from the midline of the body
adduction
movement of a bone toward the midline of the body
arthralgia
joint pain
arthr/o=joint -algia=pain
articular cartilage
thin layer of cartilage protecting and covering the connecting surfaces of the bones
articulation
the point at which two bones come together; a joint
bunion
abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe
bunionectomy
surgical removal of a bunion; removing the bony overgrowth and the bursa*
-ectomy=surgical removal
bursa
a small sac that contains synovial fluid* for lubricating the area around the joint where friction is most likely to occur
burs/o=bursa -a=noun end
crepitation
clicking or crackling sounds heard upon joint movement
dorsiflexion
bending the foot backward or upward at the ankel
extension
a straightening motion that increases the angle between two bones
flexion
a bending motion that decreases the angle between two bones
hinge joint
a joint that allows movement in one direction, a back and forth motion
ligaments
connective tissue bands that joins bone to bone, offering support to the joint
needle aspiration
the insertion* of a needle into a cavity for the purpose of withdrawing fluid
photosensitivity
increased reaction of the skin to exposure to sunlight
plantar flexion
bending the foot downward at the ankle as in ballet dancing
pronation
the act of turning the palm down or backward
rotation
the turning of a bone on its own axis
sciatica
inflammation of the sciatic nerve, marked by pain and tenderness along the path of the nerve through the thigh and leg
subluxation
an incomplete dislocation*
supination
the act of turning the palm up or forward
suture
an immovable joint
synovial fluid
a thick lubricating fluid located in synovial joints
synovial membrane
the lining of a synovial joint cavity
viscous
sticky; gelatinous
ankylosis
condition of stiffness; ankyl/o/sis
ankylosing spondylitis
inflammation of the spine an vertebrae with stiffness; spondyl/itis ankylos/ing
arthritis
inflammation of joints; arthr/itis
bunion
abnormal enlargement of the joints at the base of the great toe
dislocation
displacement of a bone from its normal location
hallux valgus
a bunion
ganglion
cystic tumor developing on a tendon, sometimes on the back of the wrist
gout
acute arthritis of inflammation of the first metatarsal joint of the great toe
herniated disk
rupture of the central portion or nucleus of the disk through the disk wall and the spinal canal
lyme disease
acute, recurrent inflammatory infection transmitted through the bite of an infected deer tick
osteoarthritis
inflammation of the bones and joints; defenerative joint disease; oste/o/arthr/itis
rheumatoid arthritis
chronic, systemic, inflammatory disease that affects multiple joints of the body
arthrocentesis
surgical procedure of the joints; arthr/o/centesis
arthrography
process of recording joints; process of X-raying the inside of a joint; arthr/o/graphy
arthroplasty
surgical repair of a joint; arthr/o/plasty
arthroscopy
process of viewing joints; visualization of the interior of a joint by using an endoscope; arthr/o/scopy
rheumatoid factor
blood test that measure the presence of unusual antibodies that develop in a number of connective tissue diseases
erythrocyte sed rate
blood test that measures the rate at which erythrocytes settle to the bottom a test tube filled with unclotted blood; erythr/o/cyte
arthrodesis
binding or surgical fusion of the joints
articular
pertaining to a joint
biceps
two head (point of attachments) muscle
biceps brachii
two headed muscle of the arm
buccal
cheek
buccinator
cheek muscle
bursitis
inflammation of a bursa
cartilaginous joint
joint connected by cartilage, a little movement, symphysis
circumduction
circular movement of a limb
deltoid
covers the shoulder joint; scapula and clavicle
