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Medical Terminology > Chapter 7 spelling words > Flashcards

Chapter 7 spelling words Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

atrophy

A

wasting away; “without development”

a=without troph/o=development -y=noun ending

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2
Q

cardiac muscle

A

muscle of the heart walls; involuntary muscle

card/i=heart ac=pertaining to

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3
Q

contracture

A

an abnormal (usually permanent) bending of a joint into a fixed position; usually caused by atrophy and shortening of muscle fibers

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4
Q

fascia

A

thin sheets of fibrous connective tissue that penetrate and cover the entire muscle, holding the fibers together

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5
Q

insertion

A

the point of attachment of a muscle to a bone it moves

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6
Q

pseudohypertrophic muscular dystrophy

A

a form of muscular dystrophy that is characterized by progressive weakness and muscle fiber degeneration without evidence of nerve involvement or degeneration of nerve tissue; also know as Duchenne’s muscular dystrophy
pseud/o=false hyper=excessive troph/o=development -ic=pertaining to

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7
Q

skeletal muscle

A

attach tot he bones of the skeleton; known as striated muscle; act voluntarily

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8
Q

striated muscle

A

muscles that have a striped appearance when viewed under a microscope. skeletal and cardiac muscles are examples

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9
Q

tendon

A

a strong fibrous band of tissue that extends from a muscle, attaching it to the bone by becoming continuous with the periosteum of the bone

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10
Q

torso

A

trunk

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11
Q

visceral muscle

A

muscles of the internal organs; smooth muscle

viscer/o=pertaining to the internal organs of the body

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12
Q

voluntary muscle

A

muscles that operate under conscious control; responsible for movement of the fave, eyes, tongue, and pharynx; voluntary

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13
Q

abduction

A

movement of a bone away from the midline of the body

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14
Q

adduction

A

movement of a bone toward the midline of the body

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15
Q

arthralgia

A

joint pain

arthr/o=joint -algia=pain

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16
Q

articular cartilage

A

thin layer of cartilage protecting and covering the connecting surfaces of the bones

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17
Q

articulation

A

the point at which two bones come together; a joint

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18
Q

bunion

A

abnormal enlargement of the joint at the base of the great toe

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19
Q

bunionectomy

A

surgical removal of a bunion; removing the bony overgrowth and the bursa*
-ectomy=surgical removal

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20
Q

bursa

A

a small sac that contains synovial fluid* for lubricating the area around the joint where friction is most likely to occur
burs/o=bursa -a=noun end

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21
Q

crepitation

A

clicking or crackling sounds heard upon joint movement

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22
Q

dorsiflexion

A

bending the foot backward or upward at the ankel

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23
Q

extension

A

a straightening motion that increases the angle between two bones

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24
Q

flexion

A

a bending motion that decreases the angle between two bones

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25
Q

hinge joint

A

a joint that allows movement in one direction, a back and forth motion

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26
Q

ligaments

A

connective tissue bands that joins bone to bone, offering support to the joint

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27
Q

needle aspiration

A

the insertion* of a needle into a cavity for the purpose of withdrawing fluid

28
Q

photosensitivity

A

increased reaction of the skin to exposure to sunlight

29
Q

plantar flexion

A

bending the foot downward at the ankle as in ballet dancing

30
Q

pronation

A

the act of turning the palm down or backward

31
Q

rotation

A

the turning of a bone on its own axis

32
Q

sciatica

A

inflammation of the sciatic nerve, marked by pain and tenderness along the path of the nerve through the thigh and leg

33
Q

subluxation

A

an incomplete dislocation*

34
Q

supination

A

the act of turning the palm up or forward

35
Q

suture

A

an immovable joint

36
Q

synovial fluid

A

a thick lubricating fluid located in synovial joints

37
Q

synovial membrane

A

the lining of a synovial joint cavity

38
Q

viscous

A

sticky; gelatinous

39
Q

ankylosis

A

condition of stiffness; ankyl/o/sis

40
Q

ankylosing spondylitis

A

inflammation of the spine an vertebrae with stiffness; spondyl/itis ankylos/ing

41
Q

arthritis

A

inflammation of joints; arthr/itis

42
Q

bunion

A

abnormal enlargement of the joints at the base of the great toe

43
Q

dislocation

A

displacement of a bone from its normal location

44
Q

hallux valgus

A

a bunion

45
Q

ganglion

A

cystic tumor developing on a tendon, sometimes on the back of the wrist

46
Q

gout

A

acute arthritis of inflammation of the first metatarsal joint of the great toe

47
Q

herniated disk

A

rupture of the central portion or nucleus of the disk through the disk wall and the spinal canal

48
Q

lyme disease

A

acute, recurrent inflammatory infection transmitted through the bite of an infected deer tick

49
Q

osteoarthritis

A

inflammation of the bones and joints; defenerative joint disease; oste/o/arthr/itis

50
Q

rheumatoid arthritis

A

chronic, systemic, inflammatory disease that affects multiple joints of the body

51
Q

arthrocentesis

A

surgical procedure of the joints; arthr/o/centesis

52
Q

arthrography

A

process of recording joints; process of X-raying the inside of a joint; arthr/o/graphy

53
Q

arthroplasty

A

surgical repair of a joint; arthr/o/plasty

54
Q

arthroscopy

A

process of viewing joints; visualization of the interior of a joint by using an endoscope; arthr/o/scopy

55
Q

rheumatoid factor

A

blood test that measure the presence of unusual antibodies that develop in a number of connective tissue diseases

56
Q

erythrocyte sed rate

A

blood test that measures the rate at which erythrocytes settle to the bottom a test tube filled with unclotted blood; erythr/o/cyte

57
Q

arthrodesis

A

binding or surgical fusion of the joints

58
Q

articular

A

pertaining to a joint

59
Q

biceps

A

two head (point of attachments) muscle

60
Q

biceps brachii

A

two headed muscle of the arm

61
Q

buccal

A

cheek

62
Q

buccinator

A

cheek muscle

63
Q

bursitis

A

inflammation of a bursa

64
Q

cartilaginous joint

A

joint connected by cartilage, a little movement, symphysis

65
Q

circumduction

A

circular movement of a limb

66
Q

deltoid

A

covers the shoulder joint; scapula and clavicle

Medical Terminology (65 decks)

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