Chapter 6 Spelling Words Flashcards
articular cartilage
thin layer or cartilage that covers the ends of the long bones and the surfaces of the joints
cancellous bone
spongy bone, not as dense as compact bone
cervical vertebrae
vertebrae or bones of the neck, C1-C7
condyle
knuckle-like projection of the bone
diaphysis
main shaftlike portion of a bone
epiphyseal line
a layer of cartilage that seperates the diaphysis from the epiphysis of a bone, also know as the epiphyseal plate
epiphysis
the end of a bone
fissure
a grove or depression in a bone, a sulcus
fontenelle or fontanel
space between the bones of an infant’s cranium; “soft spot”
foramen
hole in a bone through which blood vessels or nerves pass
fossa
hollow or concave depression in a bone
haversian canals
system of small canals within compact bone that contain blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves
hematopoiesis
the formation and development of blood cells in the bone marrow
intervertebral disk
a flat, circular, platelike structure of cartilage that serves as a cushion between the vertebrae
lumbar vertebrae
the vertebrae of the lower back L1-L5
medullary cavity
the center portion of the shaft of a long bone containing the yellow marrow
ossification
the conversion of cartilage and fibrous connective tissue to bone; the formation of bone
osteoblasts
immature bone cells that actively produce bony tissue
osteoclasts
large cells that absorb or digest old bone tissue
osteocytes
mature bone cells
periosteum
the thick, white, fibrous membrane that covers the surface of a long bone
resorption
the process of removing or digesting old bone tissue
sesamoid bones
irregular bones imbedded in tendons near a joint; patellar
sinus
an opening or hollow space in a bone; a cavity within a bone
sulcus
a groove or depression in a bone; a fissure
sutures
immovable joints; such as cranium joints
thoracic vertebrae
the 12 vertebrae of the chest, T1-T12
trabeculae
needlelike bony spicules within cancellous bone that contribute to the spongy appearance. their ditribution along lines of stress adds to the strength of the bone
trochanter
large bony process located below the neck of the femur
tubercle
a small rounded process of a bone
tuberosity
an elevated, broad, rounded process of a bone
vertebral foramen
a large opening in the center of each vertebra that serves as a passageway for the spinal cord
acetabular
the socket of the hipbone, into which the head of the femur fits
calcaneodynia
pain in the heel bone ‘calcane o -dynia’
carpals
pertaining to the wrist ‘carp -al’
coccygeal
pertaining to the coccyx ‘coccyg -eal’
coccyx
a small, triangular bone at the base of the spinal column in humans, formed of fused four coccygeal vertebrae in children; the tailbone
costochondral
pertaining to rib cartilage—-cost /o/ chondr/ al
craniotomy
incision into the cranium—-crani /o/ tomy
surgical opening into the skull?
dual energy X-ray absorptiometry
noninvasive procedure to measure bone density where photons generated by an X-ray machine pass through the bone and a computer calculates the amount of radiation absorbed by the bones
absorpti /o/ metry—-an instrument for measuring the absorption of light or other radiation.
ethmoid bone
a square bone at the root of the nose, forming part of the cranium
resembling something ethm oid
Ewing’s sarcoma
Malignant tumor of the bones common to young adults, particularly adolescent boys
femoral
pertaining to the femur
femur
thigh bone
fibula
More slender of the two lower leg bones
sacrum
Singular, triangular shaped bone; Resulted from fusion of five individual sacral bones in the child
ischial
pertaining to the ischium —-ischi/-al
patella
knee bone or kneecap
patellar
pertaining to the patella
tibia
Larger and stronger of the two lower leg bones
tarsals
ankle bones
phlanges
bones of the fingers and toes
phalangitis
inflammation of the phalanges
metatarsals
bones of the foot
metacarpals
bones of the hand
metatarsalgia
pain in the metatarsals
osteomalacia
Abnormal softening of the bones due to a deficiency of calcium and phosphorus in the blood, which are necessary for bone mineralization
softening of the bones—oste /o/ malacia
osteoporosis
Porous bones; Bones that were once strong become fragile due to loss of bone density
noun for bone pourous—oste /o/ poros /-is
osteogenic sarcoma
Malignant tumor arising from bone; Also known as osteosarcoma
pertaining to bone production, flesh tumor
oste/o/gen/ic sarc/oma
osteoma
tumor of bone—-oste/oma
talipes equinovarus
clubfoot
kyphosis
Outward curvature = humpback or hunchback
noun ending humpback—kyphos/is
lordosis
Inward curvature = swayback
noun ending swayback—-lordos/is
scoliosis
Lateral (sideward) curvature
noun ending crooked bent—scolios/is
humeral
pertaining to the humerus
humerus
upper arm bone
hyoid bone
suspended bone above the larynx and below the mandible
iliac
pertaining to the ilium
lacrimal bones
tear duct bones
pertaining to tears—lacrim/al
laminectomy
surgical removal of lamina—lamin/ectomy
lumbar
pertaining to the loins, lower back—lumb/ar
mandibular
pertaining to the mandible—mandibul/ar
mastoiditis
inflammation of the mastoid process—mastoid/itis
maxillary
pertaining to the upper jaw–maxill/ary
nasal conchae
the nasal cavity bones
occipital bone
pertaining to the posterior of the cranium–occipit/al
olecranon
the bony prominence of the elbow, on the upper end of the ulna.
olecran=elbow
orthopedics
the branch of medicine dealing with the correction of deformities of bones or muscles.[originally relating specifically to children.]
orth/o=straight, correct, normal
ped=child
ics=pertaining to
palatine bones
- -each of two bones within the skull forming parts of the eye socket, the nasal cavity, and the hard palate.
- -of or relating to the palate or esp. the palatine bone.
parietal bones
pertaining to a bone forming the central side and upper back part of each side of the skull.
pelvimetry
measurement of the dimensions of the pelvis, undertaken chiefly to help determine whether a woman can give birth normally or will require a Caesarean section.
measurement of the pelvis–pelv /i/ metry
pubic
pertaining to the pubes or pubis—pub/ic
rachitis
inflammation of the spine—rach/itis
radial
pertaining to the radius—radi/us
radius
one of the two large bones of the forearm;The radius is named so because the radius (bone) acts like the radius (of a circle). It rotates around the ulna
scapular
pertaining to the scapula—scapul/ar
sphenoid bone
a compound bone that forms the base of the cranium, behind the eye and below the front part of the brain. It has two pairs of broad lateral “wings” and a number of other projections, and contains two air-filled sinuses.
spondylosis
a condition of the spine, vertebrae—spondyl/osis
substernal
pertaining to beneath or under the sternum–sub/stern/al
supraclavicular
pertaining to above the clavicle (collarbone)
supra/clavicul/ar
temporal
pertaining to the temples of the head
tempor/al
ulna
the thinner and longer of the two bones in the human forearm, on the side opposite to the thumb
vertebrae
backbone
vomer
the small thin bone separating the left and right nasal cavities
zygomatic bones
the bone that forms the prominent part of the cheek and the outer side of the eye socket.
