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Medical Terminology > Chapter 6 Spelling Words > Flashcards

Chapter 6 Spelling Words Flashcards

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USMLE® Step 1 flashcards
1
Q

articular cartilage

A

thin layer or cartilage that covers the ends of the long bones and the surfaces of the joints

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2
Q

cancellous bone

A

spongy bone, not as dense as compact bone

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3
Q

cervical vertebrae

A

vertebrae or bones of the neck, C1-C7

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4
Q

condyle

A

knuckle-like projection of the bone

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5
Q

diaphysis

A

main shaftlike portion of a bone

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6
Q

epiphyseal line

A

a layer of cartilage that seperates the diaphysis from the epiphysis of a bone, also know as the epiphyseal plate

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7
Q

epiphysis

A

the end of a bone

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8
Q

fissure

A

a grove or depression in a bone, a sulcus

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9
Q

fontenelle or fontanel

A

space between the bones of an infant’s cranium; “soft spot”

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10
Q

foramen

A

hole in a bone through which blood vessels or nerves pass

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11
Q

fossa

A

hollow or concave depression in a bone

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12
Q

haversian canals

A

system of small canals within compact bone that contain blood vessels, lymphatic vessels, and nerves

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13
Q

hematopoiesis

A

the formation and development of blood cells in the bone marrow

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14
Q

intervertebral disk

A

a flat, circular, platelike structure of cartilage that serves as a cushion between the vertebrae

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15
Q

lumbar vertebrae

A

the vertebrae of the lower back L1-L5

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16
Q

medullary cavity

A

the center portion of the shaft of a long bone containing the yellow marrow

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17
Q

ossification

A

the conversion of cartilage and fibrous connective tissue to bone; the formation of bone

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18
Q

osteoblasts

A

immature bone cells that actively produce bony tissue

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19
Q

osteoclasts

A

large cells that absorb or digest old bone tissue

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20
Q

osteocytes

A

mature bone cells

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21
Q

periosteum

A

the thick, white, fibrous membrane that covers the surface of a long bone

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22
Q

resorption

A

the process of removing or digesting old bone tissue

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23
Q

sesamoid bones

A

irregular bones imbedded in tendons near a joint; patellar

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24
Q

sinus

A

an opening or hollow space in a bone; a cavity within a bone

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25
Q

sulcus

A

a groove or depression in a bone; a fissure

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26
Q

sutures

A

immovable joints; such as cranium joints

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27
Q

thoracic vertebrae

A

the 12 vertebrae of the chest, T1-T12

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28
Q

trabeculae

A

needlelike bony spicules within cancellous bone that contribute to the spongy appearance. their ditribution along lines of stress adds to the strength of the bone

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29
Q

trochanter

A

large bony process located below the neck of the femur

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30
Q

tubercle

A

a small rounded process of a bone

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31
Q

tuberosity

A

an elevated, broad, rounded process of a bone

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32
Q

vertebral foramen

A

a large opening in the center of each vertebra that serves as a passageway for the spinal cord

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33
Q

acetabular

A

the socket of the hipbone, into which the head of the femur fits

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34
Q

calcaneodynia

A

pain in the heel bone ‘calcane o -dynia’

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35
Q

carpals

A

pertaining to the wrist ‘carp -al’

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36
Q

coccygeal

A

pertaining to the coccyx ‘coccyg -eal’

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37
Q

coccyx

A

a small, triangular bone at the base of the spinal column in humans, formed of fused four coccygeal vertebrae in children; the tailbone

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38
Q

costochondral

A

pertaining to rib cartilage—-cost /o/ chondr/ al

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39
Q

craniotomy

A

incision into the cranium—-crani /o/ tomy

surgical opening into the skull?

40
Q

dual energy X-ray absorptiometry

A

noninvasive procedure to measure bone density where photons generated by an X-ray machine pass through the bone and a computer calculates the amount of radiation absorbed by the bones
absorpti /o/ metry—-an instrument for measuring the absorption of light or other radiation.

41
Q

ethmoid bone

A

a square bone at the root of the nose, forming part of the cranium
resembling something ethm oid

42
Q

Ewing’s sarcoma

A

Malignant tumor of the bones common to young adults, particularly adolescent boys

43
Q

femoral

A

pertaining to the femur

44
Q

femur

A

thigh bone

45
Q

fibula

A

More slender of the two lower leg bones

46
Q

sacrum

A

Singular, triangular shaped bone; Resulted from fusion of five individual sacral bones in the child

47
Q

ischial

A

pertaining to the ischium —-ischi/-al

48
Q

patella

A

knee bone or kneecap

49
Q

patellar

A

pertaining to the patella

50
Q

tibia

A

Larger and stronger of the two lower leg bones

51
Q

tarsals

A

ankle bones

52
Q

phlanges

A

bones of the fingers and toes

53
Q

phalangitis

A

inflammation of the phalanges

54
Q

metatarsals

A

bones of the foot

55
Q

metacarpals

A

bones of the hand

56
Q

metatarsalgia

A

pain in the metatarsals

57
Q

osteomalacia

A

Abnormal softening of the bones due to a deficiency of calcium and phosphorus in the blood, which are necessary for bone mineralization
softening of the bones—oste /o/ malacia

58
Q

osteoporosis

A

Porous bones; Bones that were once strong become fragile due to loss of bone density
noun for bone pourous—oste /o/ poros /-is

59
Q

osteogenic sarcoma

A

Malignant tumor arising from bone; Also known as osteosarcoma
pertaining to bone production, flesh tumor
oste/o/gen/ic sarc/oma

60
Q

osteoma

A

tumor of bone—-oste/oma

61
Q

talipes equinovarus

A

clubfoot

62
Q

kyphosis

A

Outward curvature = humpback or hunchback

noun ending humpback—kyphos/is

63
Q

lordosis

A

Inward curvature = swayback

noun ending swayback—-lordos/is

64
Q

scoliosis

A

Lateral (sideward) curvature

noun ending crooked bent—scolios/is

65
Q

humeral

A

pertaining to the humerus

66
Q

humerus

A

upper arm bone

67
Q

hyoid bone

A

suspended bone above the larynx and below the mandible

68
Q

iliac

A

pertaining to the ilium

69
Q

lacrimal bones

A

tear duct bones

pertaining to tears—lacrim/al

70
Q

laminectomy

A

surgical removal of lamina—lamin/ectomy

71
Q

lumbar

A

pertaining to the loins, lower back—lumb/ar

72
Q

mandibular

A

pertaining to the mandible—mandibul/ar

73
Q

mastoiditis

A

inflammation of the mastoid process—mastoid/itis

74
Q

maxillary

A

pertaining to the upper jaw–maxill/ary

75
Q

nasal conchae

A

the nasal cavity bones

76
Q

occipital bone

A

pertaining to the posterior of the cranium–occipit/al

77
Q

olecranon

A

the bony prominence of the elbow, on the upper end of the ulna.
olecran=elbow

78
Q

orthopedics

A

the branch of medicine dealing with the correction of deformities of bones or muscles.[originally relating specifically to children.]
orth/o=straight, correct, normal
ped=child
ics=pertaining to

79
Q

palatine bones

A
  • -each of two bones within the skull forming parts of the eye socket, the nasal cavity, and the hard palate.
  • -of or relating to the palate or esp. the palatine bone.
80
Q

parietal bones

A

pertaining to a bone forming the central side and upper back part of each side of the skull.

81
Q

pelvimetry

A

measurement of the dimensions of the pelvis, undertaken chiefly to help determine whether a woman can give birth normally or will require a Caesarean section.
measurement of the pelvis–pelv /i/ metry

82
Q

pubic

A

pertaining to the pubes or pubis—pub/ic

83
Q

rachitis

A

inflammation of the spine—rach/itis

84
Q

radial

A

pertaining to the radius—radi/us

85
Q

radius

A

one of the two large bones of the forearm;The radius is named so because the radius (bone) acts like the radius (of a circle). It rotates around the ulna

86
Q

scapular

A

pertaining to the scapula—scapul/ar

87
Q

sphenoid bone

A

a compound bone that forms the base of the cranium, behind the eye and below the front part of the brain. It has two pairs of broad lateral “wings” and a number of other projections, and contains two air-filled sinuses.

88
Q

spondylosis

A

a condition of the spine, vertebrae—spondyl/osis

89
Q

substernal

A

pertaining to beneath or under the sternum–sub/stern/al

90
Q

supraclavicular

A

pertaining to above the clavicle (collarbone)

supra/clavicul/ar

91
Q

temporal

A

pertaining to the temples of the head

tempor/al

92
Q

ulna

A

the thinner and longer of the two bones in the human forearm, on the side opposite to the thumb

93
Q

vertebrae

A

backbone

94
Q

vomer

A

the small thin bone separating the left and right nasal cavities

95
Q

zygomatic bones

A

the bone that forms the prominent part of the cheek and the outer side of the eye socket.

Medical Terminology (65 decks)

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